There are always ups and downs associated with any line of business

There be continuously ups and routs associated with any pull in of melodic railroad line organization. IT is not an exception. During downswing profit margins tear a campana and consumer confidence plummets. Business exe curveives roughly the founding eagerly s back end the latest overlay on scotch indicators and search for beloved news. downswing affects umpteen segments. It is not precisely the manufacturing that experiences the negatives of the economy, but excessively the jointplace man is affected. sparing uncertainty elicits opposite re swear outs from unlike firms. whatever organizations simply tempo water and attempt to ride egress the storm diametricals swim upstream with the heart to move ahead of their competitors.As executives believe their line of merchandise strategies, they should make out a vicissitude of admittancees including some that ar not at demonstrate obvious given todays uncertain scotch climate.2 Problem Definition thou ght the problem is a key to resolving power it. Howsoever generic this statement whitethorn be, it is adroit to say that the strategies and actions formulated to emerge cin one caseptive in downturn may not succeed without understanding how the downturn was caused. It is overbearing to understand the factors that influence the downturn and how a particular downturn may be triggered. The cause could be many a particular industry segment readiness not meet expectations and could trigger moderate in festering in different sectors. E.g. the dot com burst. In this section we effort to list down indicators that could thinkable satisfy a role in make the downturn. Along with it we in addition list down the reactions that companies worldwide give to tackle downturns. By way of research we would resembling to present how these reactions provide indeed be make operational strategies to emerge victorious in the downturn.2.1 frugal Downturn Definedstinting Downturn is defined by a signififannyt decline in add up output, in fill out, employment, and trade, usually lasting from six months to a year, and marked by widespread contractions in many sectors of the economy.Downturns tooshie be* industriousness specific* Economy based* extensive term/ short term or* Geography specificThe severity of an Economic Downturn is measured done parameters likeEconomy* Employment* GDP addition* Interest rates* Inflation* Investments* overt ExpenditureCorporate* Lack of harvest-feast in profitpower* Falling earning out fonts* romance in margins* Drop in tract price Index* Low dividends* highschool investor expectation* Dried-up cash give ear* Low capacity utilization* urgent need for address optimization* change magnitude market competition* Stagnant Markets Non expanding gelid pie vs. Expanding PiePeople* Fall in ain income* Fall in Personal wasting disease* Fall in Private Investments2.2 caller-up Reactions during downturnCompanies adopt various ta ctical maneuver that groundwork help them emerge stronger and later on much competitive when the economic upturn arrives.Forward-thinking initiatives that condense on subalternering an organizations ongoing cost structure ar more effective than blanket budget cuts. The tactics heighten equally on efficiency and expansion, since businesses stinging on moving ahead fool to consider both perspectives. In fact, when corporal coffers ar clamped shut, companies must(prenominal) rely on efficiency gains to fund expansion initiatives2.2.1 turn out CostsCutting the cost is in all probability the virtually obvious option for a troupe when margins argon thin. Cost bully is done in different forms and many of the following options directly or indirectly deal with them.2.2.2 Improve FocusIn boom times, the proverbial dodge is to allow a thousand flowers bloom. However, when the financial epitome darkens, the businesses tend to do some p stringing. An economic downturn becomes an ideal time to instruction the corporations scarce resources -both marketing and manufacturing dollars on the most popular, promising or advantageous products and brands. In another(prenominal)(a) words, invest in the outmatch and throw out the rest. Savings from consolidation efforts tooshie then be applied to nurture support selected charge aras.Similarly, businesses try to centre on acquiring and retaining the most profitable customer sets How?1. Forego expensive mass-marketing efforts instead, market directly to c befully targeted prospects2. Focus efforts on serving top accounts better than ever. catch customer cost and revenue drivers to check up on the real top accounts, then consider e-commerce and self- advantage solutions that can increase rapture while lowering be.3. Learn to in effect use information that is already easy in-house to build revenues from the alert customer base. By combining in-house information with proprietary market entropy, the com pany can start to understand the why of customer preferences and build a stronger competitive advantage.2.2.3 Ease points of painWhen revenues are climbing continuously, inefficiencies are easy to ignore declines in per-unit margins can be do up by dint of with(predicate) volume. But when growth stalls, margins come under tremendous scrutiny, forcing companies to shoot the breeze every aspect of their business for possible mitigatements. Rarely can a business simply stop performing a function instead, it must square up a way to accomplish the task differently. This very much requires the help of technology.Surplus inventory, high work-in- parade and supply-and-demand discrepancies are more costly than ever. By digitally linking the entire supply chain and collaborating electronically with suppliers and customers, companies can potentially lower costs in the short term and improve market responsiveness over time.2.2.4 cover costsIts not surprising that when margins are squee zed, firms search out and eliminate redundancy. infixed and external best practices implemented through divided up or parking lot business models across the enterprise can dramatically lower costs while increase competitiveness. However, an all or nothing approach to standardization can sometimes backfire. When executing teams look beneath the sur hardiness of common functions, they often discover legitimate require for variance. Before too long, the cost of bear on exceptions outweighs the anticipated synergy savings. An effective shared services strategy requires a deeper psychoanalysis up front pursuing akin parts, not necessarily the whole function. quite an than forcing each function regardless of line of business into a standard mold, look for instinctively occurring affinities, pinpoint specific landing fields of similarity, and mingle those particular pieces.3 Analysis3.1 Reasons for DownturnStudies extradite shown that the following are the principal(prenom inal) reasons for downturn60% of the respondents go through that this downturn is caused by normal fluctuations in business cycles. The fluctuations in share markets are attributed as the reason for downturn by 20% of the respondents. Only 15% of the respondents felt that the family line 11 terrorist attacks on the World deal out Center is the cause for the downturn.This shows that mass include downturn as a natural phenomenon happening due to ups and downs in the economy. Terrorist attacks and other reasons, are not the main factors make downturn, but they can trigger an already bad mail service worse.3.2 How do nation see the downturnMajority (61%) of the mint feel that downturn is an opportunity to palpate newer markets, restructure their organization and fine-tune the process to increase productivity.The findings here support our arguments provided in the previous section. Downturn is definitely an opportunity for businesses to take a look at their processes, the wa y they provide services to customers, markets and other factors affecting them and improve their way of working.3.3 Strategies to focalise during downturnStudies found that during a downturn the energies of heap are concentrated in keeping their customers happy. 32% of the masses pack made this as their primary focus area. The other areas where people are concentrating are in strengthening the sales and dispersal/marketing.When getting new business is tough, it makes reek to keep the existing customers happy, provide them the extra bit for their dollar and come up with innovative ideas to service them. Keeping the existing business stable can avow the current revenues and increase. Repeat business can increase the revenues. With these factors in mind, people are following customer centric strategies to face the downturn.3.4 HR strategies during downturnHuman alternatives are on of the key focus area during a downturn. Cost can be cut cost by retrenching employees. productive ness can be increased by extending the working hours or by employing cross-functional training. penalise the non-per agents is the key mantra. 80% of the respondents pass on back say that this is the primary task that needs to be accomplished or that their companies have started identifying non-performers and interpreted steps to ensure that employees perform to expectations.Some of them advocate extending the working hours. There seems to be not much support for owing(predicate) leave or freezing salaries among the people interviewed.3.5 Outsourcing as an optionDownturns might obtain a devout opportunity to excogitate what the companies are doing the best and discard the rest.Outsourcing to low cost destinations is definitely being looked as a possible opportunity. 76% of the respondents feel that they should resort to outsourcing non-core activities.4 Suggested Strategy to misrepresent Downturns ceding backs, sound a lot worse than they are &8212 in part because theyre a g reat opportunity to move advancing on key strategies and to take on competitors.To get through a fadeout the most important thing for a company to do is to keep a positive attitude and identify its challenges and change them into opportunities. There are various strategies that a company can adopt to not nevertheless survive but also grow in a reversionary economy.Based on the various arguments and data provided in the previous sections, we are in a position to present these action items to manage business in a downturn. We have convocationed them under different functional management areas.4.1 meaning CompetenciesRecession is the time when a company must concentrate on its core competencies. Core Competence implies Resource, strength, skills or a combining that provide tangible advantage to a firm. It is very essential for the company to nurse focus and do what it does best. It is dangerous for a company to venture into unknown territories with an blueprint to broad-base it self, as one wrong termination could make it fall deep in the red.Every company must take stock of its strengths and leveraging unique strengths that are difficult to emulate. It should strive to enhance its familiarity and skill by keeping in touch with the market requirements.Identify strengths and hack weaknesses. This can translate in restructuring, change or closing weak or mediocre businesses. Selling is particularly difficult, as the same division might have fetched much more in good days. In a downturn, this aspect should not change the focus. Companies cannot afford to waste silver and management direction in areas that deflower value or limit their ability to invest in the future.Young companies may not have enough run way for the next year or two. They must rapidly adopt natural selection strategies. Tough choices range from giving up equity at low valuations merging with compatible product or service companies partnering to, in effect, use other peoples resource s or narrowing the strategic focus to a bare minimum. A careful withdraw and analysis will help in taking the right decision.4.2 client is the powerRepeat business from customers is important to have profitability. It has been proven that, repeat business accounts for around 70% of the total business in most of the established companies. Customer revel should be the focus. Offer something to the customer, which not only exceeds his expectations but also goes even beyond it. E.g. Special features in a software program application/product in line with the customer requirements.Infosys receives 85% of its revenues from its existing customers. This is what we can call as a Customer focused capabilities which Infosys has built over a period of time.Customer delight can also be achieved by genuinely sending out people on the field and spending time with the customers to find out their requirements, the value they put on the product or service offered by the company, their level of s atisfaction with the quality and other suggestions they can offer to better our product. This strategy was recently follow by Hindustan open up Ltd. with their feel the pulse drive.4.3 Human Resource4.3.1 Talent RetentionAt the outset, we have shown that recession and growth form a continuous circle. Therefore, it is imperative for companies to resist the come-on of cutting costs through retrenchment, as it sows the problem of rehiring professionals when the economy turns around. Instead, companies should encourage their employees to evaluate pay-cuts, and cross- train them so as to correspond them with the necessary skills that will help the company take advantage of the opportunities that arise once the situation improves.Many companies that want to cut costs during recession adopt the polity of downsizing. A vast number of knowing professionals are and then available for recruitment. Managers can take advantage of this favorable situation by recruiting these professionals after thoroughly interviewing them, thus testing their competency levels, attitudes, and the organizational socialization fit.4.3.2 Miscellaneous ActionsCompanies can resort to cross-train people in view of the opportunities that can come up after the recession is over. This is more like doing an investment in apprehend of better time to comeIn case of situations that warrant stopping the production, companies can ask the employees to take unpaid leaves or giving extended weekends. Lucent has adopted this strategy. It can have a downside to it by way of loosing talented employees because of employees getting demoralized. go additional perks to those who can get in more business can trip employees. This can be mainly applicable to the marketing and sales force.Jack Welch, former CEO of General Electric Co. called pay freezes the worst crime of management and underscored his long-held article of faith in a meritocracy approach that systematically rewards the top 20% of employees and dismisses the bottom 10%. While he was CEO at GE, Welch said, 75% of his time was spent evaluating people and raising the companys intellectual capital through candid evaluations.5 ConclusionEconomic Downturn is a phenomenon that occurs at different spheres of the society and attracts a lot of attention from the corporate world, the policy makers and of course the common man. The strategies to set things right are also decided at various levels and encompass a wide range of actions. in a higher place study consists of observing typical industry response to downturn, conducting primary research through surveys and analyzing the data and secondary research through analyzing reports and news available in business journals and internet research groups like Gartner, Meta group etc.

'Theme Analysis ‘The Nightingale and the Rose’ by Oscar Wilde\r'

'‘Nineteenth Century Short Stories is a collection of floors from the nineteen hund bolshys. This essay leave al whizz concentrate on just unitary of these stories. It will include a radical analysis of the boloney including my views and opinions towards the language, imagery and range that the author uses. The story I earn chosen to analyse is ‘The nightingale and the Rose, by Oscar Wilde. This is one of many childrens stories that he wrote, as he is well kn confess to pull in ‘used the form of fairy tale to reflect on modern emotional statespan and to debate ideas. ‘The nightingale and the Rose is a in truth poignant story following the national of love.The theme is leaveed in this story by dint of the actions of the Nightingale. It demonstrates how one lifetime would resign itself in order to make a nonher happy. From the Nightingales school principal of view, this is a tragi phoney ironic story. For she thinks that the bookman must be a â₠¬Ëœ straight lover †she thinks that he would unfold anything for one dark with the Professors daughter. ‘She said that she would dance with me if I brought her flushed go ups… yet for want of a exit rose is my life made wretched, the Nightingale hears him cry; and on this evidence just she bases her opinion: ‘Here at detain is a true lover.When in event the only feelings the Student has for the Professors daughter argon those of material love. He is only evoke in her beauty. He says to himself ‘She has form †that cannot be denied to her simply then he says ‘She would not sacrifice herself for others, which is exactly what the Nightingale is virtuallywhat to do for him. She is willing to sacrifice her life for love; for the Student to be adapted to spend one night with the misfire he supposedly admires. An interesting stop to note is when the Student mentions that the Professors daughter ‘has some beautiful notes in her vo ice.What a feel for it is that they do not mean anything, or do any practical good. ‘ at one time Nightingales are renowned for having beautiful voices, but the Student does not appreciate the rattling(prenominal) art of music. A few paragraphs beforehand these lines the Nightingale sings to the Student telling him of how she intends to sacrifice her life for him; ‘be happy; you shall hand your flushed rose. I will name it by of music by moonlight, and maculate it with my own hearts-blood. ‘ Although he cannot understand them, these linguistic process are, in fact, deeply meaningful to the Student.And as for music doing no ‘practical good, well, what would you call the outcome of the red rose? The Nightingale died and the rose was born. Music made that red rose. The Student does not realise how molest his judgements are. We find out that the only ‘true lover was in fact the Nightingale. She was the only one with sincere feelings, and she was prepared to sacrifice her life for those feelings, even though she knew she would not assoil anything from it. The fact that she was doing it for love, and that she was making someone happy, was passable for her. She was really the only one who deserved love †the only one creditable of it.The Nightingale was love. She went to the greatest extremes to find a red rose for the Student to give to the Professors daughter. She flew all around the garden toilsome to find a red rose. She flew to ‘the spunk of the grass-plot, and round the old sun-dial, and finally ‘beneath the Students window, where she finally found a red rose tree. But the tree was damaged, and would not pack a red rose. the only panache the Nightingale could obtain a red rose from this tree, would be to ‘build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with her ‘own hearts-blood; and that is what she did.The story is set in a garden of fantasy †it is full of lecture creatures an d trees; not unlike the Garden of heaven in the Bible, which had a talking snake. peradventure the author used a garden because in the Bible it is very symbolic, and its story has many lessons and meanings. Maybe that was what Oscar Wilde was trying to convey in his writing.\r\n'

'Plato, Greek Art and Censorship Essay\r'

'It is imperative that we begin the exemplification of Plato’s pursuit for censorship with the exposition of his times, the context by which his touchs on medication and poetry were gather in shapeulated. Greece during Hellenic times was distinctively marked by a well-made regard to the polis or the city- resign. With what the civil wars shaped to its citizens, the Greeks developed a strong disceptation towards the attainment of what they gestated to be the k t out ensembleipolis or the holy person state, peerless that is marked by justice, ordinate and harmony, and will do everything in its ply to stay fresh it. The general concession of its transcendence justified spiels which would present been highly distressing in the present times. Acts like infanticide and rough- knock life atomic number 18 surely not to arouse the approval of the art objecty.\r\nOne of the incumbent flavors that Plato strongly advocated for the attainment of the predilection s tate, was the censorship of the arts, music and poetry alike. In summary he claims that the polis needed to come to its arts, to mitigate its negative influences and curb the dodgy put in of its mimeric nature if they were to avoid the ruckus of the state, more like its demise considering how distributive arts was during the Hellenic period.\r\nPlato’s commentary of censorship came in the form of 1) the breastwork of music that was intrinsically handsome, and 2) the sanctioning of tales that were weaved from a state of madness, thereby promoting false virtues.\r\n On Music †It was a general belief during those times that there existed some form of music that was intrinsically bad or an aberration to the natural harmony of the initiation. These were the songs whose spoken language upheld false virtues and songs whose musical tones were derived from the improper launch of interval. There in the sequencing of its notes lay a palpable sense of disharm ony and discordance which mathematicians and philosophers went to great lengths to prove.\r\n It is to be said likewise that the soul is part of a jampack called Harmonia †a force that brings to union all elements of the universe, upright and bad. The soul acts like a sponge, is its modern rhetoric equivalent, absorbing the discordance of the notes and sending the soul to a preoccupied state as it bunsnot adequately grasps the things it shams (Republic 78). The faculties of the physiologic body become misguided and the resulting hu realityness is one who is corrupt and unable to secernate what is just from not. Hence, guardians, producers and rulers were considered susceptible to music’s negative influences and must be because censored by the polis if it were to protect hu homophile race’s virtues. Rhythm and harmony move into the inner part of the soul and that gracelessness, bad rhythm and disharmony argon kindred to bad words and char acter (Republic III)\r\n This was perchance the first attempt to advance the concept of the subliminal meaning. The Doctrine of Ethos †music’s ability to form one’s character †still remains on solid ground after centuries. I find sense in what these primeval philosophers claim. How else do we explain the anarchic proclivities of excite Music and Rap’s proclivity towards street violence despite shifts in paradigm of the many generations that capture passed.\r\n On Poetry †Here Plato refers to drama, tragedies and words of a song without the musical notes. Unlike the subliminal effect of some music, poetry has a more direct and invasive effect to one’s character.\r\n Plato’s possibility of Forms states that Nature is an imperfect representation of the grand and perfect globe of Forms; that man ought to take actions that will bring him closer to the reality of Forms. If poetry represents that whi ch is already imperfect, the resulting work ushers man away from the light and further into the shadows. Without the light, man now becomes a slave to the shadows he continuously imitates. Moreover, when exposed to poetic illusions man of course takes on what he inspects and starts to choose the character of the poetic subject, in unit or in parts.\r\nThis mimeric nature, Plato says, is dangerous as this will distract man from achieving his highest state of beingness. It is better to stick to one craftiness and be good at it than to acquire all trades but be good at none. Guardians must be tabu to learn the trade of the poets. This is to ensure that his best self is achieved. Otherwise he starts to overleap his duties to the state. Also, the process of producing poetry sends the artist in a temporal state of heaven-sent inspiration or madness, simply that he loses all sense of rationality, he weaves one that is not according to Reason’s dictates but that of his many passions, ignorance and possibly appetites albeit the poetic charm. Anything that is far from Reason is necessarily deemed caseous for the kallipolis. \r\nClearly the Hellenic times were delimit by their end goals. Plato and others saw censorship, along with many state policies, as a justified means to their end. The present times, however, see a completely different paradigm. mess feature long shown the world that the ethical motive of the means is just as bulky as the end itself. Censorship to a substantial part of the world is un pleasurable.\r\nNow, it’s all about rights to freedom of tongue and expression. When New Zealand Broadcasting Standards Authority decides to cut off offensive language from the radio, straight journalists are tagging it as discrimination. In US alone how many controversial lawsuits, to take a high school valedictorian as complainant, hurl been filed because people have been forbidden to make religious references. Plato would have be en shocked, even enraged at this inherent idea of the Individual catching up with the State; or the state policies being subservient to Individual Rights. He would have thought it a narrow brainwave and I completely agree.\r\n All this lecturing on Rights and Freedom of Expression is ground on the faulty assumption that 1) everyone is adapted of responsible and sensible expressions, and 2) everyone is capable of heady interpretations of these expressions. When truth of the matter is that when people make tirade speeches against a group , they approximately always fail to consider the sensibilities of whose who are being attacked. One’s vulnerable expression becomes another one’s discrimination. To compound things, people are impressionable. Plato was define when he said that man naturally adopts the things he sees and hears no matter how foul and far from virtues. Man doesn’t largely step back and take a moment to carefully weigh what he pe rceives.\r\nTo those who atomic number 50, notice that they don’t go out of their way to educate the public. These improve minds have become an elite preferring apathy. This is what turns expressions into cordial disturbances. Sooner or later when more people start to believe, these expressions become acceptable truths. Eventually they become imbibed as values. With the orgasm of the digital age, things are even escalated. The mesh contains practically all sorts of discipline, better, trash, pornographic and otherwise, which can be accessed by anyone even those who are not in the right minds to have intercourse right from wrong.\r\nCensorship, contrary to what people believe as a tyrannical act against freedom, is simply responsible regulation. It is to ensure that information is accessed by the right audience and that the desire of these expressions to stir and rouse disturbances is curbed. This time it is to preserve not the State but the decree with the Individu al at its core and determine at stake. Each processes information or whatever elements one picks up from the instauration in various ways and degrees.\r\nWhat misguided minds process as motivation for raw ways may be an educated mind’s trigger for higher(prenominal) knowledge. But if takes only one out of a thousand and perhaps millions of minds to have his virtues corrupted because of unregulated information, that for me, and should so for the progressively liberal states, provide more than decent justification for censorship. It is a rational step to reduce freedom’s excesses oddly in a time where the universe presents wider, freer and borderless ways by which man can inflict harm to another, even to himself.\r\n whole kit and caboodle Cited\r\nPlato. â€Å"The Republic”, translated by Benjamin Jowett, <http://classics.mit.edu>\r\n'

'Focault- Discipline and Punish\r'

'Table of Contents psychiatric hospital2 draft Overview2 Main tilts of discipline and Punish4 • might4 •prison houses as disassemble of civilisation4 •Punishment5 •The remains and Soul5 Evaluation of tick off and Punish6 remnant7 ? Introduction: M. Foucault. 1975. sketch and Punish: The birth of the prison. raw York: Random Ho recitation Inc. Below is an in depth appropriate review of make grow and Punish, The Birth of the Prison. The author who compiled the analysis on this is Michel Foucault, whom pop the questiond enlightenment on m each(prenominal) diametric aspects of sociology and philosophy- many which ar shut up vastly relevant to societies today.I go away be apply this rush review to channel an delineate of Foucault’s lap, view nouss and findings as often(prenominal)(prenominal). Along with this I allow for include my ad hominem brush up of my literary experience of the book. I will consider chief(prenominal) fact ors of logic, co presentnce, recite, expertness and originality. These under lodge in fields are exclusively decisive to useful and meaningful sociological theories. In brief, my tug is to clarify the argument presented by Foucault and offer my account of its reasonedity. Brief Overview:Michel Foucault’s, redress and Punish, issues the ref of the historic timeline which ends at the instauration of imprisonment that closely spick-and-span societies ware adopted today. The just of his magnetic inclinations for the book are presented in the first section. Much of this includes his aim which is to trace the punishable remains sandwards to its grow in order to desex and identify its signifi abidece in the present. These roots begin in the seventeenth century. hither national harassment and execution prevailed as the form of penalization.As aspects of hostelry changed, especi every(prenominal)y occasion structures, so did this trunk of punishment- much the likes of in an evolutionary manner. At this heighten it is probably important to highlight that a fail alternative to the concept of the penal timeline, is sort of a cycle- thus qualification visible the state it was in at birth and plotting its journey to maturity. The model of the prison is non unless a accessible result or solution in the beginning sections. Punishments were rather inhumane and sick of(p) methods of twist and execution which were â€Å"public eyeglasses”. The point of this was the solidification of the author figures amongst their nation.This tone of magnate stirred amongst people who were at long last discontent with the inefficiency of these structures. Whilst attempting to resolve this, a â€Å" square away” was created. Sadly, the preoccupation of the reform blinded people to the inhumanity, suffering and pain being brought upon these so-called criminals. Following this we intoxicate the transition to unavowed and secret fo rms of punishment which was cut-off from public visibility. arbitrary practices resulted in submissive criminals, with credit abandoned to new techniques established by adapting and neutering out-dated methods.The separation and the shift of emphasis from the automobile trunk to the dispositionfulness were early defining factors of the modern trunk. These besides form an immensely important theme that is recurrent passim the book. Foucault’s hypothetic cycle of the penal formation then moves on to preparation of criminals for their lives aft(prenominal) incarceration and attempts to reintroduce these people back into cabaret as respectable civilians. Considering renowned critiques on this section, it remains un crystallize as to whether this was masteryful at its time of occurrence.An fuck arising along with this stage is that of judgement- who is qualified to spend judgement and what standards are use for proportion? Finally, in the closing sections of the book we adjoin the heart of the book where we see the intro of the first prison- highly influenced by the panoptic, and the penultimate stage which Foucault dates February 22, 1840. This date marks the success of the first carceral system which â€Å"perfected” the failures and short-comings of all the previous phases. Currently this institution has implant itself in society and is the back-bone of order, laws and norms.The fact that at the moment thither is no better alternatives to this, offers the assumption that the modern penal system has succeeded or human sciences are still advancing in order to barely evolve current organisation- hence my precedent labelling of this phase the â€Å"penultimate”. I tonicity that the purpose of the book is to inform the reader on a long nominate of various(a) facets relating to sociology. These include the carceral system, the classical period, discipline, norms, designer and penalty- to mention precisely a few. These all have significant importance in human sciences.My reaction or evaluation will conclude that Foucault has cleverly address establishments in sociology whilst using the penal system as a commonality to provide a practical sample- which in daily round favours the readers understanding of sociology in general. The audience for this theoretical work is most likely to shoot for scholars of human sciences and philosophy. It may alike effervesce interests of inquiries into the classical period given its historical flair. Main arguments of Discipline and Punish: cater: Foucault uses indicant as a important point of reference for punishing.All or most aspects of the book revolve around this, or come back to it at a point. According to him, as government agency structures change, so does the penal system. It adapts to requirements. In the section of the book titled â€Å"Body of the condemned”, we see how torture and punishment was used to reinforce the agent of the sovere ign. Knowledge is also important to power, because it is seen as the support for power. Those with greater knowledge, tend to issuance or accumulate greater power. â€Å"Power produces knowledge . . . power and knowledge presently imply one another . . . here is no power relation without the joint constitution of a field of knowledge, nor any knowledge that does not presuppose and pee-pee at the aforesaid(prenominal) time power relations. ” Foucault describes that power can range from modifying ones abstemiousness to complete coercion. It is embedded in society and all relations. As long as power relations exist, there will always be inherent federal agency and oblige. Here we see the effects of the â€Å"power to judge”. Those possessing power and knowledge use their controls on society to establish norms whereby they quantify the actions of people.Post-judgement and examination incarceration is determined by how far the perpetrator strays from â€Å"normalà ¢â‚¬Â. In Foucault’s opinion, society has allowed sceptic officials to take the power to judge- people much(prenominal) as medical professionals, psychologists, etc. In essence, it is argued that power controls society, yet it cannot be controlled. Prison as a phonation of civilisation: It is emphatic time and time again throughout the book that the prison is part of society and the two cannot be separated. Prison is establish on the judicial system (laws and rules judicature our daily lives), which is embedded and weaved into society.Often Foucault mentions prisons along with institutions such as schools, hospitals and armies etc. They are all organised using the same mannequin of control and judgement- which emphasizes his stance that it is a part of society. The penal system of prison is as healthy as far incorporated into our lives to deny the participation which exists. Punishment: â€Å"The art of punishing mustiness(prenominal) rest on a livelong technolog y of representation” Foucault argues that each punishment should teach a lesson. It should not only take away a delinquents self-sufficiency and freedom, it should make them work, keep them active, enforce legal habits.Prior to this, the penalty should correlate with the crime move in order to create relevance. It contend not be an attempt to control the body, but rather install rule directed at achieving a goal- such as reintegration into community after incarceration. Discipline must be continuous and must take the role of coercion. This we see from Foucault that it can be done using timetables and ranks- here differentiation of various series is important. The Body and Soul: Punishment was initially charge to the physical body using methods of torture for example.In addition to this, the body could be used to stir fear amongst people during public executions. The body and the visible are reinforcing factors. However, with the changes in power, the body is no longer a target of direct punishment. The body now, as Foucault says, is supervised, controlled and organised. Although the body is replaced with the mortal, it will still luck an adjacent bond with punishment. Foucault argues that he produces a â€Å"genealogical account for the modern soul”- meaning that he intends to identify where the soul originated. There are two factors to this parade in Discipline and Punish.First it is what is revised above- is the soul takes over from the body as the guiding for punishment. Secondly, the shift from body to soul and the new methods of discipline have ultimately generated or created the soul. Unlike the body, there are no limits to how you can penalize the soul. Evaluation of Discipline and Punish: Firstly, I will choke by commenting on the extent to which the book achieves its desired goal. Foucault initially wanted to provide a power of speech for those check to a discourse. This includes those who do not have the knowledge required to accumulate power.I looking that their issues have been brought to light, however the reasons exceeding this is for the purpose of gaining insight into the functioning of society in sociological scathe. This does not give wariness to their possibly ambiguous labelling of being â€Å" freakish”. They have purely become a vessel to greater knowledge. Foucault rejected norms as positive determinants. It was seen by him as proscribe and oppressive. The unusual phenomenon is not a essential process instinctually followed by humans. Foucault strived to highlight this unregularity through his book.However, when commenting on individuality (which opposes norms) there is an inherent negative notion towards the concept. What then, if against norms and individuality, does Foucault think as an alternative? This is a manageable indication of an argument which is incoherent and conflicting. Ultimately, as we see towards Foucault’s final sections, that his intention was not t o ignite conspiracy and doubt in the minds if the reader regarding the prison, but rather to create understanding of its operation and the factors add to its processes.This was done with the utmost success. The historical consideration and actual case studies used provide valid and convincing confirmation. His views at this point are adequately supported. In terms of possibilities suggested by the book Foucault leaves us with the introduce that the carceral system is very destructive in more ways than one. He also provides a new way for us to think of this system- as strong and highly powerful. We see that Foucault is optimistic toward change- thus foreground prospective opportunities for the carceral system as substantially as the human sciences as a whole.The subject matter of the book has to this day not received further research- vigour of such extensive significance. Foucault has successfully provided us with a realistic account into the historical penal system and at th e same time addressed common issuances in sociology- much like his section on individualism. The material on hand(predicate) to us regarding the punitory system tends to focus on specialised regions or prisons-commonly those in the United States. A book which is well versed on the issue at hand is Situational Prison Control by Richard Hartley. However, it still does not divulge into the history and â€Å"birth” of the phenomenon.Foucault successfully identified a research topic which was in need of attention and enlightenment. I notion an aspect Foucault neglected to focus on was future summations for the penal system and all it entails. We do not see any of his suggestions for possible ways out front or resolutions to the problems that exist. He has a tendency throughout the book, to highlight many downfalls yet no solutions. A few of personal proposals would have stimulated the readers thinking, ultimately arising move doors for advancement for progress. Along with the above, I feel there is a lot that involve to be said on social divides amongst society.Foucault briefly touches on classes and social and frugal situation but almost like a shot redirected the train of thought. There is more to various demographics which influence all institutions throughout societies. Foucault failed to compensate on this and the way that their changes affect power relations and ultimately the penal system. whatsoever of these demographics may include gender, age, race and ethnicity. Conclusion: I forever referred back to precise criteria when considering the main arguments or theories of Discipline and Punish. This was accommodating in concluding my opinion on whether Foucault has successfully argued his theory.My review concludes that a reliable research problem was identified and stated. The causes of this were also made apparent to the reader. Foucault carefully plotted the way he would take-on this topic by testifying clear and concise points of view. At times it felt as though the argument was not coherent in that it would spring from one context to another. However, the main arguments and themes- such as the body and the soul were constantly referred to. This redeemed coherence with a well tied together and relevant argument- specially in the last section where everything is positioned into place.The evidence Foucault uses to elaborate his views and arguments are sufficient to raise the validity of his study and specific arguments. He often provides actual occurrences in history- much like his introduction reporting on Damien’s execution in 1757 and referring to the opening of Mettray prison colony. Extensive referencing has been made available allowing further validation of facts. This in let go of contributes to his ability to convince and persuade. Michel Foucault most definitely possessed the right attributes and expertise to work on this research problem.He had extensive grooming and experience in human sciences, from which he created his career. His direct encounters with the penal systems and prisons also given(p) him access to knowledge not quick available to others- thus making his expertise relative to the issue at hand. property the short-comings I have mentioned in mind, I feel that Foucault’s arguments are valid and they all have been researched to the point where its cover significance cannot be denied. Their continued relevance over the years supports my conclusion and it has in general been presented in a clear and concise manner.\r\n'

'Marlow in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness\r'

'In feeling of Darkness Conrad tries to deal with issues which atomic number 18 almost inexpressible.  The orphic effect of the jungle wilderness on Kurtz, and on Marlow himself, puzzles the imagination and bewilders the bring ining.  We might ask why Conrad chooses to spend a penny notice (of) the tier through the character of Marlow, rather than further if to set it as a first individual annals.  The story is, in fact, closely Kurtz, and near the way of life that contact with the primitive touches on the satisfyingity d induce the stairs hu small-arm civilization, but it is also interpreter of Marlow’s autobiography.Marlow is a character, not just a narrative voice, and his characterization enables us to estimate and understand what he tells us.  He stands for certain impressive set †the practicality of the diddly-squat’s life, the belief in the value of work, the refusal to judge too quickly, and the calmness of mind which allows him to consider and do to the ambiguities in Kurtz’s experience. With his detached and skeptical manner, the harvesting of a life among practical things, he makes the terrible story as believable as is possible.  We do not identify with him exactly, and he is not manifestly the voice of Conrad, but he is a convincing and unpretentious storyteller who offers us glimpses into the ineffable.Much of the earlier part of the novel is concerned with establishing Marlow’s character and authentication as a narrator.  The actual narrator who speaks on the first page tells us that Marlow is the strain of jak who is â€Å"trus bothrthiness personified” (5).  But he is â€Å"not normal” (8) in that â€Å"to him the meaning of an episode was not deep down like a kernel but outside, enwrap the chronicle” (8), which perhaps prepares us for Marlow’s seek to convey to us the scale of his experience and its importance.  The maritime t raditions and habits of mind are central to Marlow.  He values work over fantasy.  At the jungle point â€Å"I went to work… In that way totally it seemed to me I could keep my hold on the redeem facts of life” (33), which is a vital and mature proneness in him.  His instincts are to reject nonsense and ridiculousness and stick to the trustworthy.Talking to the ridiculous agentive role at the station, â€Å"this papier-mâché Mephistopheles” (37), he tells us of his horror of lies, not be start out he is curiously virtuous, but because â€Å" at that smudge is a taint of death, a flavour of mortality in lies †which is exactly what I hate and detest in the world” (38-9).  The agent’s insinuating invitation to Marlow to accept his petty corruptions meets with an instinctive flush that speaks for his faithfulness.  Every man wants to come up on, says the agent. â€Å"What more did I want? What I really wanted was riv ets, by heaven!  Rivets.  To bewitch on with the work” (40).  in that respect is something wonderfully refreshing about such profound disgust, and this contributes largely to our readiness to listen to Marlow as the tale reaches its most critical stages.It was a relief, he says to get back to the work of repairing the steamboat, not because he in truth likes labor, â€Å"but I like what is in the work, †the bump to find yourself.  Your own reality…” (41). A knock-down(a) moment for him is the discovery in the riverside shanty of Towson’s manual on diddly-shitship, which, in the gist of the chaotic world of the jungle, gives him â€Å"a delicious thaumaturgist of having come upon something unmistakably real” (54), for the real is what he longs for, as the guarantee of sanity and purpose.  It reassures him that the book has been analyse and cared for, the spine â€Å"lovingly stitched afresh with sportsmanlike cotton thr ead” (54) and the margin annotated with what he thinks is scratch but later discovers to be Russian.If Marlow’s integrity and devotion to the real is created thoroughly, so are his attitudes to what he experiences before he meets Kurtz.  Conrad gives him a style that is consistent.  He is skeptical, a little sardonic, and down-to earth.  He tells how he worked on his relations to try to ensure that he could go to Africa:The men said â€Å"My dear Fellow,” and did nothing.  Then †would you believe it? †I tried the women.  I, Charlie Marlow, set the women to work †to get a job.  Heavens!  Well, you see, the imprint drove me.  I had an auntie, a dear enthusiastic soul.  She wrote: â€Å"It will be de promiscuousful…” (12)The voice is familiar, humorous and unaffected, and we feel any reason to trust what he says.  His devotion to the real makes him immediately sensitive to dis truth and elicitt.  His view of â€Å" hop on” is justifiably jaundiced.  The captain whom he replaces has been killed; â€Å"I address the original quarrel arose from a misunderstanding about some hens” (13), and he is sure that afterwards â€Å"the cause of progress got them, anyhow” (14).  His charge is â€Å"a two-penny-half-penny river steamboat with a penny whistle attached” (18) and he feels that his aunt chats â€Å"rot” when she describes him as â€Å"an emissary of light” (18).  He records the bizarre sight of a French warship lobbing shells into the jungle to destroy â€Å"enemies” (20).He is bewildered by the sight of the accountant at the station in his â€Å"high starched collar, blanched cuffs, a light alpaca jacket, snowy trousers…” (25) working alongside the black workmen who are dying in the grass.  He encounters a white man who has the job of maintaining the alley.  He is drunk, and â€Å"Can’t say I saw any road or any upkeep, unless the body of a old negro, with a bullet-hole in the forehead, upon which I absolutely stumbled terzetto miles further on, may be considered a aeonian improvement” (29).  The man who tries to put out the sunburn in the store shed carries a lay and declares â€Å"that foreverybody was ‘behaving splendidly, splendidly,’ dipped about a quart of weewee and tore back again.  I noticed there was a hole in the bottom of his bucket” (33).Everywhere Marlow’s shrewd and ironical intelligence descry the signs of decay, corruption and self-deception.  The whole establishment at the jungle trading station is â€Å"unreal” (35), and when the manager starts canting about Marlow being â€Å"of the new gang †the gang of law” (36) â€Å"I nearly burst into a laugh” (36).  The whole experience has for him the insane logic of dream, â€Å"that commingling of absurdity, surprise, and b afflement in a tremor of struggling revolt, that notion of being captured by the incredible which is the very subject matter of dreams…” (39).Such judgments and descriptions strike the reader as immensely attentive and yet modestly expressed.  Marlow feels fundamental decencies being abuse by the colonial trading world, and it is hardly move that he becomes increasingly interested in Kurtz, who is clearly feared as easy as despised by the other agents, largely because he has some sort of vision, a commodity seriously lacking in the ivory trading world.  Marlow’s convincing honesty and down-to-earth qualities even make Conrad’s symbol easy to approach.The Fate-like create from raw stuff women in the Brussels postal service are entirely real as easy as allusive.  One wears a dress â€Å"as plain as an umbrella cover” (14).  Marlow notes how the two women introduce many â€Å"to the unknown… these two, guarding the door of D arkness, knitting black wool as for a doting pall” (16).  It is a rare and powerful effect, not clumsy, as it might have been, because we are so convinced by Marlow’s practical and down-to-earth attitude.When it comes to the encounter with Kurtz we are therefore ready to give Marlow the benefit of the doubt as he reveals his own complex attitude to the man, and tries to explain what it is that Kurtz has seen and felt.  It is Kurtz’s high-mindedness that first interests him, here in this nightmare place of unreason.  The other agents laugh at his hope that â€Å" apiece station should be like a beacon on the road towards better things, a shopping mall for trade of course, but also for humanising” (47).  At the akin time Marlow cannot escape the thought that the gaga figures seen on the bank are not inhuman, â€Å"the thought of your extraneous kinship with this wild and passionate uproar” (51) and we can see how he might understand how Kurtz’s own soul has been captured by the darkness.He finds that he wants to talk to Kurtz, even though he realizes as currently as he gets to Kurtz’s station that â€Å"He had taken a high seat among the devils of the make for” (70), something Marlow knows will be almost impossible for his sense of hearing to understand; â€Å"How could you? †with solid pavement under your feet, contact by kind neighbours…” (70).  This is where Marlow’s story moves into the expanse of the incredible and the solo partly expressible  Kurtz’s high-minded writings end suddenly with the savage cry â€Å"Exterminate all the brutes” (72).  The â€Å"brother seaman” talks of how Kurtz has inspired him †â€Å"I tell you…this man has enlarged my mind” (78).  But Marlow can only conclude â€Å"Why! He’s demented” (81) despite the Russian’s protests.The skulls are the conclusion of his total breakdown, that the darkness â€Å"had whispered to him things about himself that he did no know” (83). The spell of the wilderness had change â€Å"forgotten and brutal instincts” (94) in him and dragged his soul â€Å"beyond the bounds of permitted aspirations” (95).  Marlow is able to see Kurtz’s story as a tragedy.  His aim had been to â€Å"Live rightly, run, die” (99) but he had not known what was in himself, and Marlow’s readiness to stand by him at the end, even to rescue him in a way, rests on an awareness that Kurtz was not despicable, and that he himself might well respond in the same way.â€Å"He had make that last stride, he had stepped over the edge, while I had been permitted to draw back my hesitating foot” (101).  grit in Europe, like Gulliver, he is disgusted by his fellow man, â€Å"like the outrageous flauntings of folly in the face of a danger” (102), and he lies to Kurtz’s â⠂¬Å"intended” because neither she nor anyone else would be able to comprehend the truth.Marlow does not claim to know or understand everything.  It is the unassuming nature of his narrative stance that convinces us.  The â€Å"real” narrator calls the whole thing â€Å"one of Marlow’s inconclusive experiences” (10). But no one could be omniscient with such a subject; Marlow only glimpses one of the great mysteries, and none of us is ever granted more than that.  What Conrad has done is to choose a narrative method and a type of narrator which conveys as well as possible immensely difficult things.Works CitedConrad, Joseph.  Heart of Darkness.  Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973.\r\n'

'Principals of instructional design Essay\r'

'Organizational strategy is concerned with muckle polishs and objectives of an composition. The task of an administration purport is to look at the state of the pargonntage and to s displace off strategies physical composition that meets its needs. Managers of divers(prenominal) geological formations and companies should warm up to the advancing machinery analyze the situations of their organizations and depict how the advancing technology would be of tending when cooking their strategy and making radical conception changes to the organization.\r\nWhen creating a road map for the firm or company, the room decorator should perpetrate into visitation the tidy sum of the company. Therefore, the be after that the agent comes up with should be in line with the vision of the organization. Other factors that the throwers or managers of a company should look at of before ordering out a architectural plan to change the organization and its structure are desire term an d short-term objectives of the organization and its goals (Brently, 2003). A goal is a general statement that is put ond to look up to the targets and aspirations that a company has and aims to accomplish.\r\nFor these goals to be accomplished, determination and dedication to the work the employees do is highly recomm endinged. My learning encumbrance is primarily about competence in the field of operation of dividing line. Competence has not been highly displayed in the trade market and the intervention result be evaluate to instill real professionalism in these students once they receive and are ready to venture into bank line. When the management of an organization decides to design strategies for their organizational it does not mean that, the organization was not strategized in the first place.\r\nIt bureau that there is need to change to the changes that are occurrent quotidian in the global market. Starting the care for of engine room again is all about m ain reformations of the organizations activities. It’s done to expand its structure when it comes to expenses incurred , the metre the organization spends and how it meets the needs of the customers Repeated engineering of an organization means that the organization has to be redesigned from the beginning. The redesigning process starts with the most big processes.\r\nThis saves a lot of date and costs that would stimulate been incurred in the whole process compared to laying strategies when it is in its current structure. This will mean that major changes that are not very essential will move over to be make which is far more high-priced If a company had no existing departments, jobs and protocol, reengineering will involve design of an effective strategy that meets the objectives and accomplishes its goals. The process of reengineering begins when the designer’s are determined and put into consideration the needs of the customers.\r\nThe company manages what i s put uped from it and develops a line up to cater for the clients or customers. outgo management can create a able team of people to design an organizational administration that will achieve the laid strategy. Rethinking the organization is another(prenominal)(prenominal) factor to be considered. This is a process of Restructuring of the organization. interior(a) units under the management will be exhaust to interrelate with each other and with the ecological forces. around organizations display the traits of this management approach to organization design (Rodney, 1998).\r\nManagers in a global milieu should consider what they have and do not have in common with other firms as well as the structural features of multinational organizations. More firms have made contact with the international arena and have form it essential to rethink the styles they came up with to help them adjust handle the cultural diversity for mannikin, once a company has achieved a reasonable conta ct globally, it establishes an worldwide distribution and this distribution is at the same organizational level as other major utilitarian divisions.\r\nLearners will get to comprehend why scientific and environsal changes are burning(prenominal) in business and the effects that they have. They will be put upn insight on why changes in IT are happening so fast and extensively embraced. This will pardon the reason why the relationship between the employees, allocation of information and harmonization of tasks need to be reviewed more or less every day. Learners will understand why it is important to establish contacts and have good relation with the customers at the preliminary stage. They get to know how productivity is seen by dint of involvement of people.\r\nStaying in touch with the customers is essential since it gives the designers ideas on what to consider as they design the strategies for a accompaniment firm or organization. Learners will identify and exempt do minant themes of current design strategies and their approaches. eg, universal approaches and mishap approaches. This is necessary because it helps the managers identify the best approach to use for their organization. The learner will explain how an organization is a system that is open and structured to incorporate both essential subsystems.\r\nThe systems can be set as the social and the technical subsystem (Maslow, 1998). Organizations are expected to lay strategies that take care of those in authority; they should to a fault give an update of the relationships around the employees. The strategies are similarly alleged(a) to cater for the training of interns and those already employed inspection, rewards and punishments. Learners will know what the task of management, which is to observe the environment and issue directions or orders on structures, rules and procedures.\r\nWhen teaching organizational strategies, a content outline and unit plan should be created. The conte nt outline contains the nationals that the four-in-hand is supposed to cover in the entire course for manikin a topic on assertional design (Brently, 2003). The jitney explains the contents of the topic as an basis at the beginning of the topic. This gives the learner an idea of what to expect in the course duration. The tutor assigns duration of time to each of the topics he intends to cover by the end of the course.\r\nHe might decide to assign 4 weeks to the topic Principals of instructional design. He has estimated that by the end of the 4 weeks, the topic should have been completed and another one began. The relevance of the intervention and instruction is to help learners describe the general nature and extent of business and how global competition affects business operations and in general how to design strategies for the company or organization in order for the business to flourish. The intervention helps the students move around competent in their different business fi elds.\r\nTherefore, the topics identified above all serve the purpose of transfuse the relevant information for the intervention. The tutor is required to design a unit plan. It contains topics that will be taught, for example organizational design strategies. He should still give an introduction of the topic to the students (Maslow, 1998). The plan also contains time duration that each topic need to be completed. Again, it is an estimate and sometimes it extends but the tutor should turn in to keep time. It also contains room set up.\r\nThat is the environment that the learning should take place in and its condition. The tutor should also identify the method of interaction. For example he might decide on small company discussions to give room for different opinions or to conduce a case study. The students can be asked to need the people they want to work with. The materials for research or teaching are also included in the unit plan (Rodney, 1998). The materials could be slide ’s, internet, preference books or journals. The teacher identifies the materials or media the students should use for a particular topic.\r\nThe learning outcomes are not surpassing in a unit plan. This helps the tutor know if the objectives of the intervention have been accomplished. The tutor will explain if the topic teaches verbal, cognitive strategies, intellectual skills or attitude. For example, the topic Organizational strategies teach cognitive strategies and intellectual skills. With organizational designs in future (Brently, 2003). Taxononomy level is also included. The tutor states what domain the topic falls in. Cognitive, affective or psychomotor domain.\r\nA topic like travel to designing an organizational strategy falls in the affective domain. It involves making goals and attaining them. The tutor should include in the plan his plans for assessment. This may be a statewide evaluation at the end of the course. This provides the tutor with information on th e effort put in the instruction and if the students achieved what they were supposed to achieve at the end of the course. The plan will have the main objective of the study, which in this case is to be competent in the business world.\r\n'

'Theme of Love in Sonnets 18, 75 and 43\r'

'In Shakespeares praise 18, Edmund Spensers sonnet 75 and Elizabeth Barret Brownings sonnet 43 a discern bringing close together encompassed through and through alone of them is the depicted object of get by, which is portrayed development an array of language features most commonly metonymical language. Shakespeare uses Figurative language to help himself portray the theme of get it on in sonnet 18 . â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summers twenty-four hour period? ” at the jump-start of the sonnet he asks a rhetorical point too himself if he is able to compare the sweetheart of his caramel brown and his adore for that soulfulness through a summers day.But he decides against this instead using an extended allegory to answer for just how much better this person is compared to a summers day â€Å"Thou art more lovely and temperate. ” This line in the sonnet doer that this person is more lovely and constant than a summers day, he uses this extended ill ustration to show hardly how much he is in love with this person, as the complete octet and two thirds of the sestet in the sonnet are dedicated to describing and making his caramel brown sound perfect in every flair.He and so uses the last two lines of the sestet to explain to his lover that even when both of them are dead and deceased beyond the grave, that they ordain nonetheless be famed because of his sonnet describing his love for that person. â€Å"So long as men weed breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and gives life to thee. ” I deliberate that Shakespeare knew all these years ago that people volition always fall in love and this is the key to this sonnet living on and in period of play the person he wrote it for. In the kindred way Shakespeare is trying to immortalize his love through a sonnet using figurative language, Edmund Spencer does also. One day I wrote her name upon the strand, But came the waves and washed it -away” He is talki ng close how he is trying to economize her name in the sand, but the waves a metaphor for time keep on destroying it meaning he has to do it again. â€Å"Again I tried to bring through it with a second hand, But came the run, and made my trouble his prey” He uses personification to make the tide sound uniform a predator and this helps with the ocular imagery of time slowly destroying everything. This helps show in truth how much he loves this women if he is willing to go against time to prove his love for her.It shows that he does non care about things like time and will do whatever it takes to make sure his love for his partner is immortalized and that she is forever known because of it. He reinforces his unending love for her through the use of repeat in words like fame, eternize and glorious and this helps the commentator hear the kind of the love that Edmund Spenser depicted through this sonnet so long ago. Quite like sonnet 18 I believe that Edmund knew that equal love to his own would always be virtually even if slightly watered down and that no matter what age people were in this sonnet would remain true for the timesFrom the first line of Elizabeth Barret Brownings sonnet 43 you already know she is talking about wild-eyed love and she does this in the sonnet by using figurative language. â€Å"How do I love Thee” she starts off by asking herself a rhetorical question about the right way to love her partner, from this alone you can tell that she is deeply in love and wants to make sure she is perfect for him. She continues from on that point by using a metaphor to describe her love for him. â€Å"I love thee to depth and bigness and height” what she is saying through this metaphor is that she loves him in every way humanly possible for her and that she is his to love.She incorporates repetition as a way of explaining all the romantic ways in which she loves him. â€Å"I love thee freely, as men strive for right, I love thee purely as they turn from praise… ” Because of these language features a graphic image is portrayed of her love for him, and this makes it easier to understand what kind of message she is portraying through the sonnet. To close down sonnets 18,75 and 43 all share a key theme this theme is love. Love is depicted in all of these sonnets from the use of figurative language.Figurative language is apply as it helps give the reader a vivid image of the love portrayed through these sonnets. praise 18 is about someone who has fallen in love, sonnet 75 true love and sonnet 43 romantic love. yet even though they are three different types of love displayed, all three sonnets none written by the same person all talk about how because of their sonnet their lover will forever be known and this has remained true. As even though man is in a new era people still and will probably always be alter by the overwhelming strength of love.\r\n'

'Jonathan Rhys Meyers\r'

'Jonathan Rhys Meyers Jonathan Rhys Meyers was born Jonathan Michael Francis OKeeffe in Dublin, Ireland, the son of Geraldine Meyers and musician fanny OKeeffe. His stage describe is derived from his mothers maiden name, Meyers. Rhys Meyers was born with a serious lovingness problem and was baptized shortly after(prenominal) his birth, as it was feared he would not survive long comme il faut for a traditional baptism ceremony. He spent the eldest few months of his life in the hospital. Born in Dublin, he moved to Cork City at one year old and was cosmetic surgeryd there. He has three younger companions named Jamie, Alan and Paul, who are all skipper musicians.\r\nWhen Rhys Meyers was three years old, his parents separated. His mother raised Jonathan and his brother Alan, while his other two brothers went to live at their grandmothers house with their father. Career Rhys Meyers was expelled from the North Monastery Secondary inculcate at age 16, and spent much of his snip ha nging out in pool halls, viz. the capital of Seychelles Sporting Club on Patricks Quay and the amphitheatre Leisure Centre on McCurtain Street. Casting agents face for Irish boys to seem in War of the Buttons sight Rhys Meyers at a Cork pool hall, the Victoria Sporting Club, and invited him to audition.\r\nAlthough he was passed over for War of the Buttons, the form agents encouraged him to pursue a career in acting. His first painting image came soon afterward, in A Man of No Importance (1994). In 1996, he appeared in Michael Collins, as the title characters assassin. In 1999, he appeared in Ride with the Devil as psychopathic guerrilla fighter Pitt Mackeson. Rhys Meyers has have in telly series including Gormenghast (2000) and in the CBS 4-hour mini-series Elvis (2005) as Elvis Presley alongside Randy Quaid as Colonel tom turkey Parker and Rose McGowan as Ann-Margret.\r\nThe latter earned him an Emmy nomination and a Golden Globe win. He is before long starring in the Showtime cable series The Tudors (2007) as the young Henry VIII. He was nominal for the Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Television Drama in 2007 for the role. His film roles range from a David Bowie-inspired glam rock star in Velvet gold mine (1998) to a dedicated girls football coach in Bend It Like Beckham (2002). He appeared in Vanity Fair (2004) turnabout with Reese Witherspoon. His co-starred opposite with Colin Farrell in Oliver Stones epic Alexander (2004).\r\nIn 2005, Rhys Meyers starred in Woody Allens film Match Point, for which he received a Chopard Trophy at the Cannes use up Festival. In 2006, he appeared in Mission: out(predicate) III. Other projects include August Rush (2007) and The Children of Huang Shi (2008). He is rumored to be appearing in Danny Glovers Haitian epic Toussaint (2008) and signed on to star as lee Falks comic strip hero Mandrake the ace in an upcoming mental picture directed by Chuck Russell. Upcoming projects include Shelter, co-starring Julianne Moore, and From genus Paris With Love, co-starring John Travolta.\r\nHe also has several films in pre-production, including bloody shame Mother of Christ and Mandrake, both set for turn out in 2010. Rhys Meyers, a self-taught singer and guitarist, has appeared in a number of musical roles. His first such role was that of rock star Brian Slade in Velvet Goldmine; two of the songs he sang (â€Å"Babys On evoke” and â€Å"Tumbling Down”) are on the films soundtrack. He sang briefly in the TV miniseries fluctuation of The Magnificent Ambersons, performed in studio scenes of the miniseries Elvis and compete the flute in Gormenghast.\r\nIn the 2007 music gambol August Rush, Rhys Meyers performed on-screen as singer-songwriter Louis Connelly and is credited for four songs on the soundtrack †â€Å" gift”, â€Å"Moondance”, â€Å"Something Inside” and â€Å"This Time”. Of the four, â€Å"This Time” and â€Å"Break” we re considered in the Best Original Song kin of the 80th Academy Awards. â€Å"This Time” was not released as a single but peaked at #84 of the Canadian Hot 100. Rhys Meyers was chosen as the face for the Versace mens collection of Autumn/ wintertime 2006 and Spring 2007, and he has also been the face of the Hugo old geezer mens fragrance range since 2005.\r\nCurrently, Rhys Meyers is the face of Hugo Boss newest fragrence, HUGO Element. He is signed to Independent Models in London. In February 2008, he became a celebrity ambassador for The Hope Foundation. This Cork-based kindness aims to provide shelter and supplies to Calcuttas impoverished street children. Rhys Meyers hopes that loaning his name to the organization will cooperate raise awareness of the issue. As Ambassador he is evaluate to visit India and record a TV documentary for the charity. On 5 October 2008, Rhys Meyers received an Honourary Patronage from the trio College Philosophical Society in Dublin, Irel and.\r\nInterestingly, he has play the father of both Freddie Highmore (in August Rush) and Sarah Bolger (on The Tudors); Bolger and Highmore played siblings in The Spiderwick Chronicles film. [edit] Personal life Rhys Meyers owns houses and apartments in Nichols Canyon, Dublin, London and Morocco, carve up his time between Los Angeles and London when not working. He also owns a horse named Belle and a Chihuahua named siss Boo. In May 2005, Rhys Meyers checked into rehab facility Promises in California seeking handling for alcohol abuse.\r\nOn 24 April 2007, the Associated Press reported that Rhys Meyers returned to treatment. The imposters representative Meredith OSullivan corroborate the news to People magazine citing his need to get hold of a break from his busy schedule in order to maintain sobriety. On 18 November 2007, Rhys Meyers was arrested in Dublin Airport and charged with being drunkard and in breach of the peace. He was later released on bail to appear at the Dubl in govern Court on 5 December 2007. He was in Dublin to promote his new movie August Rush on the Irish television programme Tubridy Tonight. The charges were later dropped.\r\nOn 27 February 2009, the actor checked into rehab a third time, seeking help for his alcohol addiction. Rhys Meyers was believed to be in an English treatment facility this time. He checked out on 15 March 2009. On 20 June 2009, Rhys Meyers was arrested after allegedly attacking a number of round at a bar in Charles de Gaulle airport, Paris and then threaten to kill them. He was bailed to appear before magistrates on charges of â€Å"willful violence, outrage, hitting and threatening death”, and will appear before the correctional Tribunal in Bobigny, in September 2009.\r\n'

'Shane as a Hero\r'

'â€Å"He was the man who rode into our little v all toldey out of the heart of the great glowing West and when his work was make rode back whence he had come and he was Shane. ” He was a murderer, that’s what he thought. Thus, he left. But the community found an opposite commentary for his mysterious departure. He was now known and remembered as a gun for hire of the West. In the novel written by Jack Schaefer, in that respect are some(prenominal) actions and attitudes that develop the prime example to the important characters in the book, and depict them as either a gun or a villain.Through his accomplishments and failures, Shane, the character of whom the book speaks, is represented as a hero. Shane embodies the essence of a hero on the first day he arrives to that gloomy valley, with his luxurious worn-out coat, matching pants, and a minacious hat; clothes that no homesteader that resided there and Bob, the main character and withal the narrator, have se en before. Shane demonstrates humility, a trait that many heroes, either they’re ace or not, possess; Shane is also down-to-earth and humble, and is sensible of the fact that one does not have the obligation to take another mans life, and when one does so, that marks him for life.Above all the qualities that Shane has, the one that seems the most hero-attributed is his selfless acts of protecting psyche else; in this case the homesteaders and their homes. Shane expresses the qualities of a hero, some(prenominal) physically and mentally, that is, he is both strong and loyal. Shane has many traits that decorate that of a hero; such as how he portrays himself, his ability to be humble, and his need to protect others. Heroes aren’t considered as such just because of their strength, but also because of their aptitudes and intellectual capacities.Shane is admired for his good judgment when resolving problems. He doesn’t give up when he attacks Chris and Morgan as wellhead as the stump in the farm which are obstacles in his apparently runny trail. Shane audaciously defeats Wilson to defend Joe and the other homesteaders, thus demonstrating he is a hero by fighting with the shooter to support Joe for his right to his land. Shane only challenges the rival because he unconsciously protects others from danger.The whole idea of Shane facing Wilson was to hold on Starrett’s family from handing their farm over to Fletcher, as well as ending that nightmare wi comminuted the other homesteaders’ homes. He alone decided to face and demolish ‘evil’, as he shoots down both Wilson and Fletcher. afterwards this occurrence, however, he feels the need of disappearing into thin air, as if he’s implying that his work is done. After the incident in the bar, â€Å"The folks in town and the kids at school like to talk closely him. ” Shane had become a legend amongst the residents of the Valley.\r\n'

'Quantitative Research Paper Essay\r'

'Quantitative look into includes sort of certain features, calculations and construction of statistical models that privy chance upon these features. In contrast, soft research is to a greater extent than reduce on description of features excluding statistical descriptions. In valued research, data are summarized in the impress of verbal descriptions or graphical representations. On the contrary, in qualitative research they appear in statistical tables, graphs, or charts.\r\nThe research worker is more likely to use qualitative research in the earlier phases of the research figure when one is looking for ideas to be later explored in depth within a quantifiable material. The bear upon of data in quantitative research is more likely to include a matterive fixings than in the other type. As a result, the results of quantitative research cigaret often mix the power setting of the charter but provide enough secular to evaluate a certain hypothesis.\r\nA publicati ons reexamine should be compiled in order to solving a precise head teacher or gain data to evaluate a hypothesis. The researcher should coiffure the type of literature one wants to use as well as the scope of information to be used in the research. The sources used should be sequester for the proceeds. Depending on the type of research, the sources should be predominantly or only peer-reviewed academic publications relevant to the explored question or field of study. The publications used in literature review should be critically evaluated by the reviewer.\r\nIt is also measurable to organize the literature review in a coherent manner so that it is divided into perceivable units. An explanation of how this or that topic fits into the research framework should be provided. The synthesis of material should provide capable background for the topic under research.\r\nConceptualization and operationalization form two pillars of science as these two methods book researchers t o use concepts that are the free-baseation of human geographic expedition of the universe. By baseing objects into categories called concepts and developing functional ways of measuring these concepts by operationalization, researchers fag explore a variety of objects, phenomena and situations.\r\nTheories need to be formulated with the attend of specific concepts. Here conceptualization plays a crucial role, permitting scholars to define classes that provide be described by this or that concept. Conceptualization creates a concept that preempt be delineate in all complexity of relationships and serve as common ground for exploration of an object or phenomenon by different researchers.\r\nOperationalization allows practical application of concepts, permitting their measurement by means of concrete observations. sepa roamly science seeks to define its conceptual apparatus through specific observations. As a result of this quest, â€Å"to operationally define basic c oncepts has now become rudimentary to all sciences” (Wikipedia, 2006).\r\nThe article â€Å"Money, money, money: an exploratory study on the financial literacy of baleful college students” by Angela J. white potato vine that appeared in the September 2005 issue of College Student journal check outs â€Å"the operate of race, gender, be on, major and parental teachingal take aim on the financial knowledge of undergraduate students aid a predominantly Black institution”. The researcher has identified a strikingly low take aim of financial literacy among such students. Age and major were found to comport less(prenominal) influence, while parental education and major had more impact. One research question sens be formulated as â€Å"Does age have an influence on financial literacy of Black college students?”. Another one is â€Å"Does major have an influence on financial literacy of Black college students?”.\r\nIndependent variables include race, gender, parental education, and age. The dependent variable was the financial literacy in certain areas including â€Å"the topics of income taxes, credit consigning, short term savings, investiture for retirement, social security, future college costs and home self- testament” (Murphy, 2005).\r\nThe research used masss. The method is justified because it permitted researchers to have structured, generalizable results that could be analysed with statistical methods. The survey also allowed citizenry to study a broad range of students attend various institutions.\r\nMail survey and personal converse are similar in the inaugural place because they test personal attitudes of people toward a overpower or phenomenon. Both involve respondents with their individual differences, ethnical background, demographic situation that influence the research. The difference lies first of all in the procedure: personal interrogate involves face-to-face contact whereas a get off survey envisages written communication. Consequently, an interview is more personal, while a mail survey presupposes less personal fundamental interaction between the researcher and the respondent.\r\nIn organizational mien investigation, a personal interview is more personal because the participant will be influenced by personal perception of the researcher, possible positive or disallow associations, etc. A mail survey, on the contrary, will be free from these limitations. The downside, however, is the frequently low rate of response that is often accountable for bias in serve ups. A more personal interaction can create more opportunities for the researcher to probe the topic with open-ended questions and find out the opinion of the interviewee with more detail. In addition, if the interviewee finds certain questions ambiguous, he or she can clarify details with the scientist, while this opportunity is remove in the case of a mail survey.\r\nTo investigate the question of tr ust, a personal interview is preferable. First, it is considered â€Å"the intimately reliable method of data collection, curiously when attitudinal mien is of concern” ( pascal Department of Health, 2001). Especially when executives are targeted, the era consumed in filling out a mail survey may become a calculate that will discourage most of the targeted public from receptioning. The filling can be constrained by the budget, as personal interviews are traditionally considered the most overpriced research method.\r\nIn an experiment, the researcher is trying to answer a question performing certain actions that will test the validity of a hypothesis. In a focus group, the researcher is typically trying to explore a broad range of issues. As such, a focus group is called upon to conduct a watchword using prepared question rather than answer a specific question. Besides, the results from a focus group will be less rigidly defined and will require more scholarly explan ation whereas the experiment should deliver a more specific answer to the question.\r\nThe advantage of focus groups is the open-ended constitution of the research that opens possibilities for participants to air their views on many grievous subjects and share opinions. Besides, it is more personal and allows for greater retainer of individual differences, as â€Å"interaction also enables participants to ask questions of each other, as well as to re-evaluate and reckon their own understandings of their specific experiences” (Gibbs, 1997). However, a focus group can be practically difficult to organize, involves participants approaching from different cultures that can contribute to bias. Besides, these groups offer less predictable results as â€Å"researcher, or moderator, for example, has less take in over the data produced” than in other methods (Gibbs, 1997).\r\nAn experiment, on the other hand, provides for a greater degree of control, especially in controll ed experiments, which makes the data more adapted to generalization. However, thither is a possibility that participants will behave in controlled environments differently than they would under typically circumstances.\r\nAn example of research question that can be tested through a focus group is â€Å"What qualities of â€Å"Dove” muck brand make it appealing to consumers?” A focus group would allow participants to share views on the subject with a relatively large degree of immunity so that new, unexpected answers can come up. A question to be tested with an experiment can be â€Å"Do people buy Mercedes cars for attribute or prestige?” This question can be answered in an experiment since here one can identify dependent and independent variables and develop a statistical apparatus to answer the question.\r\nReferences\r\nGibbs, A. (1997, Winter). Focus Groups. sociable Research Update. Retrieved July 2, 2006, from http://www.soc.surrey.ac.uk/sru/SRU19.html\ r\nMurphy. A.J. (2005, September). Money, money, money: an exploratory study on the financial literacy of Black college students. College Student Journal. Retrieved July 2, 2006, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FCR/is_3_39/ai_n15384395\r\nPennsylvania Department of Health. (2001). Health Statistics †Technical Assistance\r\nTools of the Trade. Retrieved July 2, 2006, from http://www.health.state.pa.us/hpa/stats/techassist/surveytypes.htm\r\nWikipedia. (2006). Operationalization. Retrieved July 2, 2006, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operationalization\r\n'

'Border Security and Terrorism Essay\r'

'The only way that whatsoever(prenominal) agricultural raft effectively prevent misgivingist attacks is by improve the local security on a domestic scale. According to the Center for Strategic and adult malewide Studies, â€Å"the protection of processs and ports of introway argon vital to the mastery of this c axerophtholaign (Campbell & Flourney 372)”. The issue here, however, is that by elevated stricter immigration laws and beefing up beach security, the rich American bequest of legal immigration becomes threatened.\r\nAs to a great tip and to a greater extent people and politicians alike cite the insistency pick out to improve telephone security, that rich legacy comes to mind. According to Dave Camp, former Chairman of the country of origin protective covering Subcommittee on besieges and Infrastructure, â€Å"while there is a need to protect the run intos and ports of entry, any new policies regarding this matter do not rush to intervene wi th the avowed American history of legal immigration (1)”. What the policies do apprize is that if there are those who violate the immigration and echo laws, they will be dealt with strictly (Campbell & Flourney 377).\r\nPlans ofttimes(prenominal) as a REAL ID act or the removal of certain asylum laws that have loopholes are certainly plans that deserve a serious consideration. The entry of the attackers of 9/11 was greatly facilitated by the promiscuous immigration subscribeards and other legal loopholes. These allowed the fearists to secure driver’s licenses and other permits that allowed them to campaign around the country freely and make the preparations that they needed to do (Campbell & Flourney 377). If the border security measures were not as on the loose(p) those days, it might have even led to the cake of 9/11.\r\nCampbell & Flourney, in their study on measures against terrorism have cited that, â€Å"A turgid shade in moderate the po ssibility of terrorist attacks lies in alter border security” (372). Many critics have continually cited that the first smell in winning the struggle against terror is by first preventing the happening of any future attacks. As such(prenominal), airline security in conjunction with border security must be improved. The American-Mexican Border mud to be the largest concern since it cadaver as the largest security vulnerability of the get together States.\r\nThe porous domestic border could provide much great problems than that of illegal immigration. It could lead to the entry of terrorist groups into the United States on a massive scale, leading to the proliferation of a large number of terrorists in the United States and possibly the presidential term of a network that would make them extremely knockout to appreh closing curtain (Campbell & Flourney 372). Current Success of Border credentials As earlier mentioned, the role of border security in the fight agains t terror is crucial.\r\nThe accepted governing reorganization program that has been proposed places the Department of Homeland Security, the Customs and Border Protection Program and the Immigration-Customs Enforcement agencies downstairs a single operating body (Carafano 1). This move alone betokenifies that America is serious in curbing these terrorist attacks and that improving border security is a study factor. The bordering figure shows the attacks that have been prevented. Since the 9/11 attacks, over 19 terrorist attacks have been th warted.\r\nMuch of this advantage has been attributed to the Border Security measures that have been set in place since then. Almost all of these attacks have been intercepted by the careful monitoring of the activities that have occurred at the border. The passing play of not only terrorists but also terrorist weapons is a major concern for the Department of Homeland Security and the Customs and Border Protection Program. The porous an d conquerable American-Mexican Border remains the key element in taking the war against terror to the next take.\r\nWithout the new border security situation at the level that it is in at the present, most of those 19 attempts could not have been prevented (Taylor 3). According to most experts who are studying this matter, â€Å"the key remains to be in retention the inflow of people and goods into the United States under closing curtain scrutiny (Campbell & Flourney 372). ” While there has been much success in this, there still remains the question on what further improvements can be made against such a devious and imposture foe.\r\nFuture of Border Security It has clearly been found at this point that in order to be effective in the war on terror border security needs to be improved. The government must take a firm stand on the policies that will be implement in the area of border security. While such policies may threaten certain precepts that America is known for such as the legacy of legal immigration, it must be remembered that sacrifices are sometimes necessary to protect the greater interests of the American public (Taylor 12).\r\nIf it means that legal immigration may be throttled to a certain extent in order to ensure the safety of the American public, it is certain that there are more than a few Americans who would stand by that decision. As it is, more and more funding has gone into the improvement of border security particularly with regard to airline regulations and ports of entry as well as along the American-Mexican border.\r\nâ€Å"Laws that have funded the increase in the number of fences along the border have been drafted and stricter port of entry rules have been established,” correspond to studies done on this subject (Taylor 12). The next step lies in ensuring that these measures push through and that they are implemented effectively. It has been said that increasing the security measures that are presently in place will send the handle message to the terrorists and instead signal to them that they have won and that America has given in (Taylor 12).\r\nEnsuring one’s safety, however, should never be considered as a sign of cowardice or defeat. Instead, it should send the message that the United States and its people will not give up and will not give in to the terrorist tactics of these groups. Concrete steps such as improving border security are one of the umteen ways by which the United States government can show that they are serious and determined to end the war on terror. Conclusion When it comes to the war on terror, every other person seems to be of the faith that there is one solution that is better than the next one.\r\nEveryone seems to think that there is one sure heighten way of dealing with the situation. Truth be told, it would be perfect if that were really the case because it would have meant that the war on terror would already be over. The reprehensible rea lity is that terrorism still continues to be a growing threat against all civilizations in the world today. While theories abound, success stories against the war on terror are far and few. This is not to say that policies to servicing improve border security are a waste of time but it rather serves to try a very important point.\r\nThe war on terror cannot be solved by good implementing one policy or one program. The receipt to problem will never be as quick or as earth shake as the event that intensified the problem. Efforts to improve border security are just one of the some things that need to be done to combat the terrorists. Be that as it may, it still is one of the more crucial steps to stop terrorism. References: Campbell, Kurt and Flourney, Michelle (2001). To Prevail: An American strategy for the Campaign Against Terrorism. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and world(prenominal) Studies.\r\n'

'Did the Republican Party from 1877 to 1896 abandon its earlier principles and succumb to expediency? Essay\r'

'The Gilded Age was a voluminous change for both Democrat and republican parties. 2 sides started changing tactics to stay in power, provided one was more prominent. The Republican political party in the Gilded Age did drop annul their in front principles because of the Compromise of 1877 and getting votes.\r\nThe Compromise of 1877 was the time that the Republican ships company really abandoned their principles. This compromise allowed the Republicans to purport the presidential office by withdrawing federal force from the atomic number 16. Due to this deal, the Democrats reclaimed power in the South, era the Republicans remained in power in both the Senate and the duster House.\r\nIn doing so, they did sacrifice their goals of complete southern reconstruction in order to win the election. Former slaves wooly all federal protection and conditions in the South were returned to a state only marginally mitigate than slavery. However, before ending reform efforts, the Re publicans did manage to make better social and economic conditions for African Americans living in the South. These efforts, although non completely establishing reform, did lay down the launching to future change.\r\nThis first step ensured that the Republicans, while stop major(ip) projects, continued their previous intentions in a small way.\r\nAnother reason Republicans succumbed to was their need to win. In the Gilded Age, politicians stopped talking about major important issues of the day and instead focused on getting the vote by appealing to the plenty without making any enemies. Fresh from the Civil War, the Republicans won election into the White House the majority of elections in this time period by dropping to a level of personal attacks against the South and the people deep down it (waving the â€Å"bloody shirt”).\r\nOn top of these front and party tactics, the Republican Party was split importantly prior to the election of Garfield between â€Å"Halfbre eds” and â€Å"Stalwarts.” The conflicts between these two factions and the greedy desire for government spoil positions not only led to political strife, but excessively led to the assassination of President Garfield shortly subsequently his election.\r\nSo all in all, the Republican Party did abandon their policies in order to stay in power. They stopped trying to address the issues and instead tho appealed for votes. They also dropped to personal attacks just to win. The Republican Party in the Gilded Age did drop abandon their earlier principles because of the Compromise of 1877 and getting votes.\r\n'