Rural Public Health Analysis Health And Social Care Essay

afoot(predicate) ground of the ProblemBackground The state of hoidenish Texas is round 3,060,392 which is about 8 % of the entire Texas universe ( 25,145,561 ) . Harmonizing to the US nose count berth about 70.4 per centum of province s population is white, 11.8 per centum is Afro-american, 3.8 per centum is Asiatic, and 37.6 per centum is Hispanic ( 2010 ) . There ar about 4044 infirmaries in Texas and exactly a mere 149 of them be located in farming(prenominal) countries ( 3 ) . Although the sylvan communities of Texas keep 499 taking into custody medical examination exam exam exam bureaus and 303 reliable suppliers and 193 first respondent organisations but still about 21 counties argon deprived of accredited exigency medical service organisation in their countries and only if 32 % ( 161 ) infirmaries are located in clownish counties ( 10 ) . The clownish countries are confronting a possible ruin with regard to exigency serve. This public health issue i s originating as a consequence of scarceness of exigency medical trained staff, unequal fiscal resources, outdated medical equipment usage and tot up, geo graphical barriers, communicating spreads. The comparative hazard for decease from motor vehicle smash in rural countries is 15 multiplication higher than urban countries, familiarised for gender, age and type of clang and 40 per centum higher hurt link deceases in rural countries than urban countries ( 6 ) . These statistics reflect the grade of remove of lineament exigency attention ope site in rural countries. mendelevium Recruitment and Retention Problem The 2001 subscribe to by the Texas enounce mature of health check Examiners stated at that place are a sum of 196 rural Texas counties out of which 24 counties had no doctors, 22 had two doctors and 19 of them had unless one doctor. A study showed that the urban countries have 11 times higher figure of physician when compared to rural countries ( Texas State Board of Medical Examiners, 2003 ) . In rural emergency section, there are a great figure of primary attention doctors on contract or unstable doctors than exigency medical effectiveness trained doctors functioning merely a little community. hobnailed countries are confronting jobs such as most of sine qua non medical managers are non trained in exigency medical specialty which worsens the state of affairs besides lead to staffing job. This is chiefly happening as a consequence of deficiency of fiscal resources and specialised doctors choosing to acquire busy in urban countries than rural communities. early(a) Problem is medical malpractice financial obligation policys in rural countries of Texas particularly in Rio Grande Grade V eachey and the confederation Texas ( 4 ) .Trained Staff deficit untaught hint service have deficit of EMS professionals and about one tierce of rural exigency medical forces voluntary. About 57 to 90 per centum voluntaries are first respondents in rural countries ( 4 ) . These voluntaries may non be available round the quantify and are non to the full trained to manage complex instances. This forms a major challenge for EMS because most of them are non medical professionals ( 10 ) . If we compare counties on footing of advanced life brave capableness so merely 5 counties have that installation and 22 counties have basic adjudge organisations and 45 out of 131 counties have first respondent organisations ( 10 ) . It is vexed to supply exigency attention services for low volume population with unequal fiscal resources, deficiency of trained staff and basic medical equipment. Some EMS organisations still use manual defibrillators and are non equipped with all diagnostic machinery. Harmonizing to DHHS, Texas has 3106 licensed land ambulances out of the lone 22 % are for rural countries ( 10 ) .Geographic barriersOne of the most of import property that effectuate entree to health attention in rural countries is the big out go between abodes and services. The ability to transverse these distances becomes imperative in obtaining wellness attention. near of the rural occupants refrain from seeking medical services because of the cut short and currency they have to so long in acquiring treated for a fishy disease.Language Barrier In South Texas interrogatively at U.S-Mexico hot dog part, linguistic communication barrier is an separate job faced by rural EMS. More than 20 percent population in rural Texas is bilingual and Spanish speech production population ( 10 ) .Resources parceling Problem Reason for less exigency medical professional are low wages, longer displacements, and geographic unavailability. The rural communities largely rely on the basic exigency service suppliers and voluntary first respondents. EMS is dearly-won in rural countries compare to urban countries because they cover larger area. They largely turn low net income so chip in to trust on undischarged staff. Since most of the first respondents work voluntary so they can non afford long distance travel for exigency.Trauma-Related Injuries and Deaths Harmonizing to the Texas part of wellness s agency of Emergency Management, in Texas about day-to-day 30 hatful authorise because of trauma-related hurts. Trauma is one of the taking cause of deceases among age groups 1 to 44yrs. 11,898 hoi polloi died from hurt in Texas and in that 68.8 per centum were un allowed deceases ( 4 ) ( 2002 ) . From surveies, if terrible wound patient receive intervention from dent centre will go on soften opportunity of endurance ( 2 ) . The above statistics reflect that stain are one of the major causes of deceases which call for immediate attending peculiarly in rural countries.Golden hr and reception TimeGolden Hour is the term used for the first hr after incident happens. A patient receiving intervention within this first hr of incident has greater opportunities of endurance. A victim s life would be jeopard ized if the waiting dress up is change magnitude for to a greater extent than 30 proceedingss. The rural countries have mean resolution clip 18 proceedingss and for urban countries it is 8 proceedingss lesser than rural country ( 5 ) . A five twelvemonth survey in are rural county, 72 per centum deceases occur at scene because of delayed intervention. Response clip for urban country is 7 min. and for rural country its 13.6 proceedingss and so transit clip is 17.2 min and for urban its 8 proceedingss ( 11 ) . intimately of deceases from damage in rural countries occur even before hospitalization. Harmonizing to Bureau of Emergency Management at Texas Department of wellness, the preventable decease identify in rural countries is about 85 % higher in rural countries as compared to their urban opposite numbers. Harmonizing to Vermont and New York metropolis survey, the paediatric injury decease instances is twice in rural countries compared to urban countries ( 11 ) . The entrop y of Texas Department of health Bureau of Epidemiology ( Texas DSHS ) shows that rural countries have a reception clip up to 2 hours and 16 proceedingss and conveyance clip to infirmary was 2 hours and 12 proceedingss. 157 of 254 counties of Texas have response clip of about 10 proceedingss and for 151 counties transport clip is greater than 20 proceedingss ( 2002 ) ( 10 ) .A study conducted by the National Highway Transportation government activity showed a master(prenominal) difference of 98 % in the response clip for exigency services between rural and urban countries ( 15 ) . This has been illustrated in the figure belowThe graph clearly indicates the trouble in accessing transit services and waiting clip in the rural infirmaries.Medicare and MedicaidOther job is uninsurable population about 25 per centum of Texas Population was uninsured in 2002 ( 4 ) . A people of rural occupants are financially weak and are less likely to hold in insurance coverage than urban occupan ts. This suggests that the rural population will confront greater resource restraints in accessing attention. pastoral occupants tend to hold lower incomes, and are commonly freelance as husbandmans. Besides the maintenance houses in rural countries are smaller in size and the insurance benefits provided by the employers are less likely to cover the standard wellness attention services. Hence, it is more likely that we can happen greater uninsured or underinsured population in these countries and when it comes to accessing medical services they have to pass a immense sum compared to urban population.Rural populations have more ageing population so they require more immediate and impressive exigency services. In 2001, Texas was top ranked for unpaid attention to rude patient gross ( 4 ) .Equipment and installation ProblemsFrom 2002 Texas Department of health describe 61 Texas counties have no infirmaries, 105 had one infirmary and 26 counties had two infirmaries ( 4 ) . In 20 02 Texas hospital connection conducted Emergency business organization Issues Survey and found that 72 % of rural installations had issues reassigning the patients and directing ambulances because of deficiency of beds. Harmonizing to Texas Department of health, there are 131 trauma centres have basic take IV installations in Texas State. Level IV injury is basic exigency service, normally they lack in equipment and trained staff. Most of accidents occur on rural roads because of high velocity, inefficient usage of place belts, intoxicant ingestion. The hold in reassigning the patients to infirmaries leads to complications like pneumonia, sepsis and multi-organ failure. Since the rural exigency medical services have deficit of trained staff most of the rural exigency services are working over their capacity therefore endangering the whole step of services.Review of Current Policies Affecting the SubjectFederal PoliciesThe Emergency Medical Treatment and hazardive Labor Act wa s approved by U.S in 1986. This act ensures that the entree to exigency medical attention would non be dependent on individual s sparing ability ( 4 ) . With the execution of this Act many uninsured and underserved population got entree to exigency medical services.National Highway Safety Administration created the EMS to diminish traffic related deceases ( Mead, 1998 ) . The Highway Safety Act 4 was passed in the twelvemonth 1996 which resulted in the formation of EMS and in 1967 EMS began officially. After personality of EMS, there was a important decrease in the mortality rate from injury related deceases.The rural countries are less dumbly populate and at long distance from the degree I and II injury installations. So Balance Budget Act ( BBA ) in 1997 modified the fee policies by adding Medicare ambulance fee agenda and besides started Medicare Rural infirmary flexibleness course of study to back up little infirmaries in rural communities to tack into Critical admission c harge Hospitals ( CAH ) ( 12 ) . CAH helped to beef up the EMS in rural countries. This was the attempt to better the quality, entree to exigency medical services to better rural wellness system. The Federal authorization of Rural Health policy ( FORHP ) grant plan provides the resources to prolong the betterments to rural EMS systems ( 12 ) .National Association of State EMS Officials ( NASEMSO ) and National Organization of State Offices of Rural Health ( NOSORH ) form Joint Committee on Rural Emergency Care in 2009 ( 13 ) . This commission serves to implement the policies to supply seasonably, low-cost and high quality exigency medical services in rural countries.Healthy people ( HP ) act 2010 was an enterprise which was developed to better the quality of wellness attention services and entree to exigency medical services in rural countries ( 11 ) .Texas is portion of national plan for enlisting and retentivity of medical professionals in Texas rural countries ( 4 ) . With a ll federal attempts there is range to better the EMS in rural Texas. But still increased attempts are needed to better the quality of EMS in rural countries.Other plans which are working to better the exigency attention services in rural countries areThe Rural Health Care Services Outreach Grant Program, The Rural Health Network Development Grant Program, The Rural Health Network Development Planning Grant Program, The Small Rural Hospital Improvement Program, Grants for Policy-Oriented Rural Health Services investigate, The Rural Health Research Grant Program, Public Access Defibrillation Demonstration Projects Grant Program, The Rural Emergency Medical Service genteelness and Equipment Assistance Program, The Rural Health outdo Practices and Community Development Cooperative Agreement Program etc. ( 4 )State PoliciesThe 77th legislative assembly passed House Bill 7 in 2001 and formed Office of Rural Community Affairs. It provided funding for many plans to better entree to rural wellness attention. It provides fundss to plans like Critical Access Hospital Board Training Reimbursement, Critical Access Hospital Designation, Critical Access Hospital feasibleness Study Grant, Critical Access Hospital Feasibility Study Grant, Access to Emergency Devices Grants, Capital Improvement Loan Fund, Small Rural Hospital Improvement Program, Rural Communities Healthcare Investment Loan Reimbursement Program, Rural medico Relief Program, Medically Underserved Community, Rural Recruitment and Retention Initiative, Outstanding Rural Scholar Recognition Program and Texas Health Service Corps Program.The 78th Texas legislative assembly passed an act in November 2002 to cover with jobs like unequal support issues, inaccessibility of EMS system and deficit of doctor ( 4 ) . There is no entirely federal and province plan for injury services. Both the federal and province authoritiess are working in a synchronism to supply grants for injury attention, EMS suppliers and first re spondents to better and prolong the quality of EMS services in the rural countries. In 2003, new muniment for EMS was created in 78th Texas general assembly. A $ carbon mulct was imposed for poisoning related offenses and the money was deposited in this history ( 4 ) . Fifty per centum of that money is allocated for local Emergency Medical Services, no more than twenty per centum is for Rural Assistance Clinics for 22 TSAs, 27 per centum is for unsalaried injury attention installations and three per centum is for administrative cost for Bureau of Emergency Management ( 4 ) . State resources are non equal to for enlisting and safekeeping of wellness attention professionals, better exigency medical equipment and keep the quality of EMS in rural countries of Texas.Most of federal and province rural wellness policies and plans rely on nose count Bureau information and move set by the OMB, ERS, agency, and HRSA for country of appellation such as urban and rural, metro and non tube or boundary ( 4 ) .The agency of Health Professional National Center for Health Workforce Analysis of Health Resources and Services Administration has criterions to sort certain geographic countries and population groups into a wellness professional deficit country ( HPSA ) or medically underserved country or Population ( MUA/MUP ) . Harmonizing to this study, Texas has 100 HPSA in non tube or frontier parts and in those 60 seven counties, 20 nine are population groups and three schoolwide wellness centres and one Rural Health Clinic ( 4 ) .As per the Bureau of Emergency Management has administered presently 131 as Level IV ( basic ) injury installations, 36 as Level III ( general ) injury installations, 9 as Level II ( major ) injury installations, and 12 installations designated, as degree I ( comprehensive ) injury installations, .In 1997 Senate Bill 102 approved the regular session, 75th Texas Legislature and provided the EMS/Trauma attention system impermanent fund. Permanent re sources provided by 76th Texas Legislature for EMS, with the money from the baccy judicial proceeding colony ( 4 ) .Federal and State ProgramsPlans like Statewide Rural Health Care System provided by Texas Department of Insurance to rural population aids in provide insurance coverage for exigency attention.The School-based Health Centers plan is offered by Texas Department of Health for rural country where there is a lack of medical professionals. Besides Rural Emergency Medical Services Scholarship inducement plan is provided by the Center for Rural Health Initiatives for rural countries retentiveness a population of less than 50,000 which are non designated as metropolitan statistical country and they besides have community scholarship plan for nonmetropolitan Texas rural countries.The Office of Rural Community Affairs have Rural Health Facility Capital Improvement plan is for 150,000 populated rural countries and other plans like Outstanding Rural Scholar Recognition and loan Program for Rural Health Care, Rural Physician Recruitment Program and Rural Physician Relief Program. The Bureau of Emergency Management has Temporary Exemptions for Rural EMS which covers 50,000 or less populated rural countries. ( 4 )

River Valley Civilizations

almost 5000 years ago the first complex, policy-makingly centralized civilizations began to form on an one-on-one basis along numerous river valleys throughout parts of Asia and Africa. These civilizations were the building blocks for organization of humane economic, political, religious, and social practices. Although the cultures of both Ancient Egypt and Shang chinaware River Valley Civilizations sh are geographic, religious, and political similarities, the cultures are vastly different when social characteristics and economic trade are taken into consideration.Both Ancient Egypt and Shang mainland china both developed intimately to major rivers. The Ancient Egyptian River Valley Civilization was located along the Nile River which helped to provide a reliable source of water for farming. The Nile River current runs north- put uping transaction along the river, and the winds blow from the north allowing sailing vessels to motive strength against the current. It was easy to travel and interact along the Nile. When the Nile would flood, it would naturally fertilize the surround soil with nutritious deposits that gathered within the river.The same thing would occur with the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers, which were located near the Shang China civilization. This is why both civilizations flourished when it came to crop production. Near the Yangzi River, however, population had to work harder at flood control and irrigation. It is said that perhaps this randy a greater effort at organization. Both Ancient Egypt and Shang China were both ruled by kings, too. In Ancient Egypt, they believed that the pharaoh had all the power and influence over his people.He was considered to be divine, stood above the priests, and was the only individual who had direct contact with the gods. This is similar to how the emperor was looked at in Shang China, where he was seen as a chief priest, and he had an administrative bureaucracy, with councilors, lesser priests and div iners. Emperors and aristocrats had fantabulous homes with walls of pounded earth or earthen bricks while common people go along to live in their pit homes of earlier times much alike(p) how the Ancient Egyptian pharaohs were built high class pyramid tombs later on they became diseased.In both civilizations, the king figure was highly important and truly much valued. They were often showered with gifts. However, unlike Ancient Egypt, women had no rights in Shang China. Women held some(prenominal) of the same rights as the men in Egypt. Women were allowed to own their own trim back and to share equal property with their husband once they married. On the new(prenominal) hand, in Shang China, the oldest member of the family controlled the familys property and made the important decisions. Women were substandard expected to obey fathers, husbands and then later their sons.Each women may guide had between 13 and 16 marriages arranged marriages without any ability to profess it, and only by bearing sons could she improve her status. Shang China used items such(prenominal) as wheat, mullet, and silk, for trade, where metals were more common for trade in Ancient Egypt. The Silk passage was used to open trade between Ancient China and Rome. throng in China were the first to master the development of silk and they did so by raising silk worms and then collecting the silky electronic network that they formed.They then weaved the web together to form a more substantial material. Wheat and mullet were also common edible items used for trade in Shang China because they had suitable temperate weather along with forested land. Using metals in trade was important for Ancient Egyptians because it was plentiful and could be made into an mixture of items from weapons to tools. Egyptians did not harvest the same type of grains as those in Shang China because they had too much of a dry climate that did not allow crops such as those to thrive.

Organizational Commitment and Communication

The Ameri goat deprivation crabbed is an transcription that supports preclude human suffering during events that leads the human society enchantment in requisite crisis. The American Red Cross has the ability to mobilize the provide of volunteers as wellspring as the generosity of donors. The reader in allow for be disposed(p) a brief description on how different leadinghip styles affects the conclave communication within the American Red Cross. The reader will in either case be given an analysis of the different sources of power found in the scheme and how will these affect the administration communication.It is imperative that the reader also understands how the American Red Cross identifies the motivational theories that will be virtually effective in different cultures. Finally, a description of the commitment of the fashion force to the organization and their relationship to the organizations communication will be provided. Leadership Styles and mortalal ef fects At the American Red Cross at that place be some(prenominal) leadership styles that are being used. Leaders establish direction by ontogenesis a vision of the future then they align pack by communicating this vision and inspiring them to overcome hurdles (Robbins & Judge, 2011. Some of the master(prenominal) leadership styles that affects the American Red Cross are the transactional, magnetised, and transformational. The transformational leadership is the well-nigh common style for The American Red Cross. Transformational leaders inspire following to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers (Robbins & Judge, 2011. ) Transformational leaders pass to have more passion in everything that they do.The first step as a leader is to have a mission and a vision. Transformational leaders motivate the performance of the followers as well as instinct their strengths and wea knesses so that the leader may align the followers with tasks that will ascension their performance. It is important to be a portion model to the followers as this action will inspire them and make them more interested while challenging them to take a greater ownership for their work.A charismatic leader will en trustworthy to pay attention to every person making that person feel important. At this time they are scan the idiosyncratics to pick up their moods and their concerns. At this time the charismatic leader will be able to improve their actions and words to suit the situation. Finally, the transactional leadership plays the role in The American Red Cross as the supervisor of the organization. either organization has to have a chain of command as well as motivation through rewards and punishments.The transactional leader is the leader that holds the followers to rules, procedures, and standards. Sources of magnate There are different types of power within The American Red Cross organization. Power is seen as the ability to implementing control over an individual or a group. While everyone has power, each individual possess and lend oneself power in a fashion that it will benefit their organizations needs. Coercive power is the power that is able to punish those who do not follow orders as requested by the leader.On the early(a) hand using overbearing power may also be used to influence the decision of that is being made by winning something away as a punishment if he or she does not follow a request that has been made. The American Red Cross uses the coercive power to ensure that their followers follow their rules and guidelines that they have in place. ingenious power is the power that shows the persons knowledge or alter skills. Individuals will gain more power by showing a greater knowledge of the task that will be performed.The expertise power is a power that should be taken care of to make sure that the leader maintains its credibility. Al so it is important to avoid any threatening of the self-confidence of subordinates to ensure any dislikes from team members against the leader creating unhappy team members. rule-governed power is the power that the leader will have when the employees believe that any orders coming from the leader is because of the leaders position within the organization and they should be followed as requested. This power is developed through time.Communication in Relation to Motivational Theory At the American Red Cross, there are two types of motivational theories which are applied to the organization. The motivational theories are the expectancy theory and the cognitive evaluation theory. The expectancy is the proposal to a person to behave in a certain way by persuading them to select a specific behavior over others to ensure the expect results. On the other hand cognitive evaluation theory is a theory that is designed to clarify the effects of consequences.These are ways that are used to pe rsuade individuals through awards to control desirable behavior. Workforce freight The American Red Cross and commitment goes hand in hand. As commitment to the individuals that they help is one of the most powerful ways that they can use to motivate the volunteer helpers to accomplish their tasks and reach the designated goal. It is imperative to at least give a pat on the back to permit the individuals know that they are doing a good job and motivating them to save to work.Being positive and providing the employees or volunteers with positive feedback can help the organization go along ways? As the mission statement of the American Red Cross states, The American Red Cross empowers ordinary people to perform extraordinary acts of service. (American National Red Cross, 2013) The American Red Cross has been a successful organization that will use the power of volunteers to help those that are in need. The transactional, charismatic, and transformational leaderships styles have an effect on the group communication of the American Red Cross.The leadership styles and the sources of power work hand in hand to ensure that the organization is meeting all of their goals as well as ensuring that the volunteers are on tasks and in a good working environment. The motivational theories are just a way to ensure that the volunteers and employees are committed to the workforce. The American Red Cross is a well-established organization and as long as they follow all of the higher up this organization will continue to be very successful in anything that they set their minds to do.

Impact of Social Networking Websites on Business

IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES ON BUSINESS Asheri George MatembeleApril 16, 2013 tabulate of Contents Abstract2 Introduction3 Literature Re stick to wind3 Comparison of kindly Net trail(a) Websites5 Benefits of dilatement affectionate net income websites for argument6 How to Use amicable Networking Websites for Business8 Problems Associated with Social Networking Websites10 Conclusion10 References11 AbstractA affable networking website is a cordial loving system build-up of individuals or organizations called nodes, which argon connected by iodin or more specific types of mutuality, such as friendship, common interest, fiscal exchange, dislike relationships of beliefs, knowledge, prestigiousness and training. This paper focuses on complaisant networking websites and their impaction on fear. It aims to identify opportunities and slipway to be effective as promoters of business enterprisees to meshing substance absubstance ab users all over the reality, 24 hours and 7 days, creating unlimited possibilities for publicize potential.This paper reviews the best kindly networking websites before long used as well as examples of ways in which business apprise use these types of websites to expand their target markets. This article in addition gives insight ab come forth the threats and challenges associated with friendly networking websites, as well as things for businesses to watch extinct for if they determine to use these types of websites. Social networking websites will continue to shape the ways in which businesses collaborate and communicate, both inside and outside of enterprise.Introduction A cordial networking website consists of a kindly structure build-up of individuals or organizations called nodes, connected by one or more specific types of mutuality, such as friendship, common interest, financial exchange, dislike relationships of beliefs, knowledge, prestige and information (McLaughlin, 2012). This paper focuse s on cordial networking websites and their impact on business. It aims to identify opportunities and ways to be effective as promoters of businesses to net profit users.Social media argon a platform for business visibility. Keywords have a merchandising buzz. The intimately relevant amicable networking websites currently used are reviewed first off and ways in which businesses hind end use these types of websites to expand their target markets considered next. somewhat of the threats and challenges associated with amicable networking websites as well as red flags for businesses to watch out are then discussed. Literature Review What is Social Networking Website?A well-disposed networking website is an online service or website filled with trillions of individuals who are seeking to meet former(a) people, to gather and trade first-hand information and their acknowledges some golfing, gardening, cooking, developing friendships or headmaster alliances, seeking employmen t, trade such as advertising, get nodes feedbacks and still groups sharing information. It is an online service, website or platform that focuses on building and reflecting of affectionate networks or brotherly relations among people, who, for example, share interests and/or activities.Social Network work are also increasingly retracting the attention of academic and industry researchers intrigued by their affordances and reach. Facebook Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg, while he was a student at Harvard in 2004 and originally called thefacebook and that domain was registered by someone else back in 1997. The general ideal was to digitize the legendary freshman-year Facebook, and allow students not further to gawk at one an some others impressions but also to flirt, network, interact.Eventually, the web site moved beyond college to everyone and nearly 1 cardinal people have a Facebook pen. Facebook users bottom of the inning create a write scallywag that sho ws their friends and networks information about them-selves. The choice to include a indite in a network means that everyone within that network asshole view the profile. The profile typically includes Friends, Friends from other Networks, Information, Status, Notes, Groups, Likes, Photos, Videos and The Wall which is the major birth of Facebook. Google+Google+ is basically Googles latest attempt at creating a social network. dissimilar with Facebook where uploading a post will show up on users profile for all of users friends to see, Google+ lets users do things a little differently. Circles, Sparks, Hangouts, Instant Upload and Huddle are major features of Google+. The concept of Circles is user good deal have a family Circle, a BFF Circle, a co-workers Circle, and even an Epic bros Circle. Sparks is a feature that lets users select certain areas, interests or hobbies that user particularly like.Google+ Hangouts are quick video conferences that enabling broadcasters to go c onk out with friends and fans, for around the world to see. Instant upload which lets users take a photo and instantly upload it to a private album in the debase server. Huddle is one of the best features of Google+ is Huddle, which lets users coordinate with friends and family in real-time. * chirp? peep was started out as a micro-blogging website has quickly grown into a social messaging platform and one of the top social networks in the world that allows users answer the question, What are users doing? by sending short text messages cxl characters in length, called tweets, to their friends, or fol dismounts. Twitter is phenomenon that transcends social networking to provide an sack for bleaks, trends, buzz, and chat among many other uses. Twitter is a combination of assorted forms of communication such as email, instant messenger, VOIP like as Skype, Blogs and permeate content rapidly on the web through RSS feeds. LinkedIn LinkedIn is a social networking website designed specifically for the business community with over 120 million members which were officially launched in May 2003.A LinkedIn members profile page, which emphasizes their working bugger offs and education background, has professional network news feeds and a limited lean of customizable modules. Network members are also known as connections and unlike other social networking websites such as Facebook or Twitter. LinkedIn needs connections to have a pre-existing relationship. The members of groundwork seek for jobs, join groups, research companies, and network with members of their network. Companies can post information about the accompany and career opportunities listings on company pages.Companies can also establish the connection with LinkedIn members for recruiting purposes. MySpace MySpace is a popular online social networking website that composed of personal profiles aimed for mostly at a younger membership. It is highly popular with teenagers and young adults. It allows users to post images of their self, blog about their ideas and concerns, and post comments on other users profiles. MySpace included features such as chat rooms, forums, classified ads, newsgroups and a venue for sharing videos or music like as other online social networking websites.A MySpace profile can be a very authorized connection to fans of celebrities because MySpace was originally founded as a venue for aspiring musicians and bands to share music and concert dates. The variety of details included in the profile is submitted voluntarily by users. MySpace is easy to use for anyone to submit profile information, even if they have lack of online experience. Comparison of Social Networking Websites There are some(prenominal) different social networking websites and hard to decide which are best for the business. hobby figures and tables will give insight to choose suitable one for business somehow. general anatomy 1 Number of registered users on Major Social Networking Websit es According code 1, vast amount of users are registered in Facebook. Google+ and Twitter has only 25% of number of Facebooks registered users. Businesses can be reached many targeted users on the Facebook easily more than other social networking websites. Figure 2 role of Gender distribution by major social networking websites Benefits of using social network websites for business Businesses are getting insight about the benefits of using social networking websites to retain and attract customers.They began to see that their competitors are taking many advantages because of using social networking efforts, they quickly followed suit. Nowadays most of the businesses can be found on asocial networking websites. They are communicating with their customers and clients via social networking websites. They are updating their information or statuses and occasionally acting like they are a part of community. For some people, interacting with businesses on social networking websites gives them an opportunity to experience first-hand how that company deals with the public. just about people are becoming accustomed to receiving customer stand via a social network. Social networking websites can break the barriers of customer communicate significantly so that businesses are using social networks to help their merchandise campaigns. For businesses that are willing to shoulder the load, this new medium represents an opportunity in order to keep in reach with customers and update them constantly about companies information. This represents are an unprecedented opportunity for businesses which are willing to add value and engaging with customers.The benefits of social networking for business cannot be underestimated as it becomes a important component to business. The benefits of using social networking for business are as follows Online social movement and Branding Business can create their profile in social networking sites and allows people to see their brand or fruits and get awareness from user that their business exists. They can post valuable content to those web sites to attract the users. Customer Service and Engagement Social networking provides a channel for business to interact with their customers and enables customers to provide feedback on the marketing message quickly.It provides as a useful tool to have a direct conversation with their customer base and see patterns of customers feedback. It also gives company a platform to be creative in using different social media tools to engage their customers and gain their loyalty to the business. Lower Cost/Free advert Businesses can advertise their reapings and services for free or at lower costs when they make full use of social networking sites. Social networking sites can be used as a media which help companies find new customers and break the barriers of customer contact. Find Business Partners or EmployeesAt social networking sites, businesses can find out new business part ners, employees, other brands and even their competitor. Businesses can send out messages to notify people they are hiring or evaluate applications and they can use these social networking sites to seek out employees. How to Use Social Networking Websites for Business Businesses can establish and maintain business relationships with colleagues and their customers on social networking websites. Some firms are taking it further still and using social networking sites to actively promote themselves and their businesses.Businesses have a number of ways to develop unique advertising methods on each social networking websites and those websites offer several(prenominal) avenues such as the touchstone ad advertising, creating a profile and page or creating events and groups. * Banner Ad Advertising? Banner Ad advertising is a most popular and majority of advertising method on the Internet. Most of social networking websites have that kind of advertising method and running on every web pa ge which a user must access to view messages, comments, and others profiles.Often these ads are animated or still images, make them users to see and click on them. eMarketer reported that the global revenue of banner ad advertising from social networks is expected to reach $10 jillion by 2013. Figure 3 Social Networking Websites Ad Revenues Internationally Figure 4 Percentage Change of Social Networking Websites Ad Revenues Internationally Creating a Profile and Page Many companies have profiles on social networking websites and the information on a profile reflect on those businesses.Therefore they post or upload about their services or products so that users may view them and engaging for clients. This would be a way to keep in touch with their customers for businesses. At the companies profile, the user could post concerns, comments, and ideas while viewing blogs on product updates. Companies can review the likes, interests and expressed needs of their customer base from prof iles. They can also use this information to determine how customers profile characteristics fit into their marketing targets. Creating groups and Events Another way to use social networking websites is the creation of groups or events fit in companys product or service. Moreover, the business can create a group of people who like or interest the product and pioneer discussion forums so that users can share about their experience with the products. Most of the social networking websites are allowed users to create events and those events could be sponsored by the company. The social networking websites users are partically doing the advertising for the company. Problems Associated with Social Networking WebsitesMost of the businesses concern about solitude and trade protection issues in social networking websites. This is the majority problem since the purpose of social networking websites is for public for personal reasons, a persons whose privacy is compromised suffers frequen tly distress. Increasing of hacking the account is also another problem suffered by social networking websites. Even though it is a problem, can be protected by user reducing the amount of their personal information they post on the internet. Some of social networking websites services do not agree security is not a major problem.Although many social networking websites have raise their security and privacy system, much remains out in the open for regular predators to harm and affect the lives of others. The purpose of visiting social networking websites for most of the people is for their personal reasons or for leisure. So that businesses should realize how to be lend about their information among users with lack of risk and beware of the personal position of the users. Conclusion Social networking websites are becoming popular among current generation.Even in that respect are many opportunities as well as challenges of social networking websites for business. Most important st ep for any business is to create a insurance policy of using social networking websites. Businesses are struggling with rapidly developing of technology. technology is constantly changing the way of doing business at internet and businesses should be aware of these changes. It is in the best interests of a company to know what social networking websites are suitable to its References Daniel Nations, The Top Social Networking Sites, AUG 12, 2012, from http//webtrends. about. om/od/socialnetworking/a/ social_network. htm Darren McLaughlin, Benefits Of Social Networking Websites For Business, AUG 20, 2012, from http//mosthostserver. com/? p=5118 Google+ A Basic Cheatsheet for Marketers, AUG 19, 2012, from http//www. sociableblog. com/2011/10/04/googlepl us-cheatsheet-for-marketers/ Jennifer Bergen, Google+ What is it, and how do I get it? , AUG 15, 2012, from http//www. geek. com/articles/mobile/google-what- is-it-and-how-do-i-get-it-20110628/ Part of the Internet acronyms and lingo glossary, LinkedIn, AUG 15, 2012, from http//whatis. techtarget. om/definition/LinkedIn Part of the Internet applications glossary, MySpace, AUG 17, 2012, from http//whatis. techtarget. com/definition/MySpace Using social networking sites for business marketing Advantages and disadvantages, AUG 25, 2012, from http//brooger. com/using-social- networking-sites-for-business-marketing- advantages-and-disadvantages/ What is Facebook? , AUG 12, 2012, from http//www. wisegeek. com/what-is-facebook. htm What Is Social Networking? , AUG 12, 2012, from http//www. brickmarketing. com/what-is-social- networking. htm What is Twitter? , AUG 15, 2012, from http//mashable. com/what-is-twitter/

First Generation Romantics

Brittani Powell Dr. Matthew DeForrest ENG435/ TR 930-1045 March 1, 2010 Individualism First contemporaries Ro piece of musictics The Ro gentlemans gentlemantics were kn testify for their aim of the unusual and old-fashi 1d in their numbers because they were in a precise unusual and old-fashioned state of mind when writing their metrical composition. The romantics were experimental generators and they lived during a actuall(a)y tough conviction period, and itshowed in their meter. The romantic period had the shortest bearing span of any literary era in the English language. It lasted 43 historic period, beginning from 1789 to 1832.It started during the French r development and ended during the parliamentary emends, which established a foundation for which inactive exists in modern day Britain. There were sextuplet study Romantics, and they were split into two genesiss. The send-off generation consisted of William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Samuel Taylor Coleridg e. The second generation consisted of Percy Bysshe, John Keats, and George Gordon, Lord Byron. These poets were considered old-fashionedbecause they were the commencement ceremonyly to experiment with this direction of writing. There was no one before them, so for modulate they had to look back to the then(prenominal) for influence.Even when inventing a naked style of writing there still has to be somewhat influence. It is very hard to come up your own completely original literary style. They admired the cook of Milton and Shakespeare very often. all the first generation romantics felt those two were the best poets and admired their style. Shakespeare and Milton were very old poets and they influenced the Romantics so their poems came off very old-fashioned and out dated. They use very old English that was hard for peck to comprehend, making some people feel the writings were unusual.The Romantics were known for their theories on the connection in the midst of constitut ion, the mind, and the imagination. The English Romantics accepted the reality of the link between man and nature in the form of the homophile imagination as the basis of human arrangement, rejecting the scientific initiation view onmaterialism. Imagination is a force, or energy, that allows such(prenominal) a connection to be made. William Blake motto the human imagination as essential to human understanding of the world they live in he saw reality as a mental construction. According to Blake and the other Romantic poets, once the energy of imagination is used effectively to control the connection between man and nature, the individual gains freedom from the restrictive bonds of sterile thought. The first generation romantics are characterized by their shift in style and font manner from the Neo Classicalist. The use of satire is rare and the Romantics run for to focus on sidetrackicular aspects of target areas, people, and events instead of the fundamental nature of ob jects, people and events.One of the nearly important deeds pertaining to the change of style during this time was William Wordsworths Preface to lyrical Ballads, which demonstrates Wordsworths particular motivations for how he writes the musical Ballads. Notably the subjects of these poems, are incidents and situations from roughhewn life verses the normal neoclassical subject of incidents and situations from elevated life, like Alexander Popes Rape of the Lock, which is approximately the aristocracy and not the common people (Norton 266).Wordsworth as well changes the style of his verse when he states, The reader will find that personifications of abstract psyches rarely occur in these volumes and, I hope, are utterly rejected as fair device to elevate the style, and rise it above prose, and there will also be found in these volumes little of what is usually called poetic phraseology I have take as much pains to bend it as others ordinarily talk to produce it this I ha ve make for the reason already alleged, to bring my language near to the language of men, and further, because the pleasance which I have proposed to myself to impart is of a kind very divergent from what is supposed by many person to be the proper object of poetry (Norton 267). Wordsworth and other first generation poets take a illustrious step away from their Neo Classical predecessors by embracing the common people and the common language. First Generation romantics also believe in the possible ability of dreams to clarify reality, as seen in Coleridges Kubla_ Kahn_. as well as _Kubla Kahn_,presents a different kind of characterization of the poet.The narrator states, I would induce that dome in air, which shows the narrators desire to use his lyric combined with his imagination to create a poem, which is unlike the characterization of the poet in Rassles(Norton 448). In _Biographia Literaria_, Coleridge distinguishes imagination from fancy and even separates imagination f urther by distinguishing between primary and secondary imagination. Romanticism is often associated with radical individualism, and much Romantic poetry focuses on the struggles of the individual will to break or exceed its kind and metaphysical bonds. Millenarianism, on the other hand, consists of the expectation of the fulfillment of Gods providential design, in which the place left for individual human place is limited if not nonexistent.The French Revolution could thus be viewed every as the work of heroic individuals struggling for liberty or as an act of God. The role of an individual as shown in Samuel T. Coleridges phantasmal Musings, is to know thyself he starts the poem reflecting his Unitarian ideas about the independence of God, who is fairish now One but at the same time He is everything we bottomland feel and see and he equals God with Love. There is one Mind, one omnipresent Mind, Omnific. His more or less holy name is Love (Lines 105-106). Coleridge repeats t wo time one to emphasize the Unitarian Idea of the oneness of God. In the lines19-23 he speaks about the disaster of the war, the fight between France and England. A sea of farm animal bestrewed with wrecks, where mad embattling interests on each other rush/ With unhelmed rage Tis the terrific of man. You can imagine how terrible the situation was. It was like a foreboding(a) vision, but a necessary vision because after it 1000 years of peace had come. According to Coleridge after that God will judge all the nations, Our noontide Majesty, to know ourselves, parts and proportions of one wondrous whole (Lines 127-129). aft(prenominal) this time of violence, a new better time came. The thoughts of the major part of the romantic poets are influenced by the French Revolution when they wrote about organized religion or other topics.Although at first some writers like Coleridge had a positive view of this violent period, later they changed their opinions because the results were not what they had expected. All the relations between the prophecies and the periods of violence did not come true and they felt disappointed. The French Revolution and the Unitarian tendencies of Coleridge is the key to understanding the major parts of his works and indispensable to understanding his religious point of view. Wordsworths poetry is distinguished by his straightforward use of language and meter and his natural and often conversational themes and imagery. This is not to say, however, that Wordsworths ideas are simple.He unites several ideas by means ofout his poetic works, including the enormousness of the natural world, transcendentalism and interconnectedness, religion, morality, mortality, memory and the power of the human mind. Wordsworth began publishing in 1793, at the age of 23, with a solicitation of poetry about a tour he took in the Swiss Alps Descriptive Sketches. Wordsworths poetry was a little ahead of its time however, it instigated Romanticism in Englan d through its emotional nature and its allusions to nature. His work has had a profound legacy on the Victorian and twentieth-century literature as well. Yet his ultimate goal was the cash advance of mankind through the discovery of an individuals own joy and emotions.Percy Bysshe Shellys first major poetic work was _Queen _Mab. This poem was written early in his career and serves as a foundation to his system of revolution. Shelly took William Godwins idea of necessity and combined it with his own idea of ever-changing nature, to establish the theory that contemporary societal evils would dissolve naturally in time. This was to be join with the creation of a moral mentality in people who could ensure the ideal goal of a perfect society. The ideal was to be reached incrementally, because Shelley (as a result of Napoleons actions in the French Revolution), believed that the perfect society could not be obtained immediately through violent revolution.Instead it was to be achieved through natures evolution and ever-slap-uper numbers of people becoming honorable and imagining a better society. _Queen _Mab was infused with scientific language and naturalizing moral prescriptions for an oppressed humanity in an industrializing world. William Blake, a panther and poet, and one of Englands most famous literary figures. A great predecessor to the Romantics, Blake was a revolutionary and visionary artist and his work stand for a decisively new direction in the course the optic Arts. He expressed an individualized view of humanity that became important to Romanticism. His poetry is described as highly individual in style and proficiency (Lawall, ed. , 540).To relate to his readers, Blake uses different voices and puts forth his own ideas about human existence. In his poem, The Little Black Boy, Blake uses the voice of a black male child who is mixed on how he is different than the white male child. The reader is probably painfully aware of the societys judgment s of black people during this time. The black boy concludes by seeing himself as a protector to the white boy, Ill shade him from the heat till he can bear / To dip in joy upon our fathers knee (Lawall, ed. , 544). Instead of understanding that white means good and black means bad, the black boy comes up with a new meaning for his black skin (Lawall, ed. 541).Blake uses emotion in his poetry to enhance the readers reaction to his works. He also looks to expo sort outhe inner thoughts of the human being. Blakes individualism within his poetry portrays the ideology that Romanticists sought to convey during this time period. The specialty of William Blakes work is that he uses numerous literary techniques and devices to articulate his thoughts. He created such literary work because he was a creative thinker, fully conscious of the realities and complexities of experience, especially the poverty and oppression of the urban world where he spent his most of his life. Still today, his art istic and poetic creations are valued in British culture.The first generation Romantics accepted reality of the link between man and nature, and man as an individual, in the form of the human imagination as the basis of human understanding, rejecting the scientific world view of materialism. The Romantic writers attempted to discover hidden unity between man and nature. It is imagination a force, or energy, that allows such a connection to be made. The realization of this interdependent relationship carries with it a kind of freedom for the individual. William Blake saw the human imagination as essential to human understanding of the world he saw reality as a mental construction. The Romantics insist the importance of the individual. Brittani Powell Dr.Matthew DeForrest ENG435/ TR 930-1045 March 1, 2010 Individualism First Generation Romantics An Annotated Bibliography Damrosch, David, and Kevin Dettmar*. * *The Longman Anthology of British Literature. * untried York Pearson Long man, 2006. Print. This textual matteron British Literature describes the distinction and conviction the first generation of the Romantic writers felt on individualism. The reservoirs give a young approach to the study of Romantic Literature edited by scholars in the field. Major prose works are included in their entirety, together with a wealth of poetry and drama, from Blakes Songs of Innocence and of Experience to Byrons Manfred and beyond.The first generation Romantics and their Contemporaries of The Longman Anthology of British Literature is a comprehensive and thoughtfully position anthology that offers a rich selection of Blakes commentaries and influences on the Romantic period. The text also includes Perspectives, Companion Readings, and and Its Time sections which show how major literary writings interrelate with and respond to various social, historical, and cultural events of Great Britain in the Romantic period. With a generous representation of fiction, drama, and p oetry, the second edition includes major additions of important works and an expanded illustration program.This text is distinctive in exploring the perspective of the first generation writers and their take on individualism. *Greenblatt, Stephen, and M. H. Abrams. * *The Norton Anthology of English Literature. * New York W. W. Norton, 2006. Print. The eighth edition of The Norton Anthology of English Literature text comprises six volumes, exchange in two sets of three. The first set includes the volumes The Middle Ages, The Sixteenth ampere-second and The Early Seventeenth Century, and Restoration and the Eighteenth Century the second set includes The Romantic Period, The Victorian Age, and The Twentieth Century and After. The writings are arranged by informant, with each author presented chronologically by date of birth.historic and biographical information is provided in a series of head-notes for each author and in introductions for each of the time periods. Dickinson, Kate Letitia*. *William Blakes Anticipation of the Individualistic Revolution. * Philadelphia R. West, 1978. Print. * This text on William Blakes Anticipation of the Individualistic Revolution describes Blakes struggle for individualism. The author describes Blakes perspective and full descriptive criticisms on Blakes works. Wordsworth, William, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Richey, and Daniel Robinson. Lyrical Ballads and Related *Writings * Complete Text with Introduction Contexts, Reactions. Boston Houghton Mifflin, 2002. Print. This collection of poems by William Wordsworth and Samuel T.Coleridge describes a collection of poems by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, first published in 1798 and generally considered to have marked the beginning of the English Romantic battlefront in literature. Most of the poems in the 1798 edition were written by Wordsworth, with Coleridge bestow only four poems to the collection, including one of his most famous works, The Rime of th e antediluvian patriarch Mariner. One of the main themes of Lyrical Ballads is the return to the original state of nature, in which people led a purer and more innocent existence. Wordsworth subscribed to Rousseaus touch sensation that humanity was essentially good but was corrupted by the influence of society.This may be linked with the sentiments spreading through Europe just prior to the French Revolution. *Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, and J. C. C. Mays. **Poetical Works, II. Poems (variorum Text), Parts 1 & 2. * Princeton, NJ Princeton UP, 2001. Print. This text describes the three parts of Volume 16 confirm and expand the superstar of the Coleridge who has emerged over the past half-century, with implications for English Romantic writing as a whole. This text is distinctive in exploring the works of Coleridge and is written with complete analysis of each poem. Shelley, Percy Bysshe*, Donald H. *Reiman*, and Neil *Fraistat*. * Shelleys Poetry and Prose Authoritative Texts, Crit icism. New York Norton, 2002. Print.This collection of Shelleys poetry and prose contains one of the fullest, and certainly the most accurately edited collections of Shelleys poetry and prose available. Shelley is the crimson child of English poetry and his determined opposition to tyranny produced a huge variety of poetry, ranging from the rending lament of Keats in Adonais, to the defiant and mingy sonnet Ozymandias. The essays in this volume are generally helpful and explain the structures of the poems where useful. They are also refreshingly short. This text distinctively contains 15 legal brief critical essays, which are among the best explications youll find of Shelleys work. *Chandler, James. The Cambridge History of English Romantic Literature. * Cambridge, UK Cambridge UP, 2009. Print.In this text it describes the Romantic period as one of the most creative, intense and turbulent periods of English literature, an age marked by revolution, reaction, and reform in politics , and by the invention of imaginative literature in its distinctively modern form. This History presents an engaging account of six decades of literary output around the turn of the nineteenth century. Reflecting the most up-to-date research, the essays are knowing both to provide a narrative of Romantic literature, and to offer new and stimulating readings of the key texts. One group of essays addresses the various locations of literary activity both in England and, as writers developed their interests in travel and orthogonal cultures, across the world. A second set of essays traces how texts responded to great historical and social change. With a comprehensive

Florida Department of Management Services Essay

IntroductionIn the early 1990s, the Florida discussion section of Management function (DMS) had built up a large information systems entanglement that served rural atomic number 18a government agencies in 10 regional sites and connected these to the data center field in T tout ensembleahassee. The network was based on the utilisation of the proprietary Systems entanglement Architecture (SNA) from IBM and a mainframe at the data center that ho employ nearly of the applications.Body1. Analyze the security mechanisms motivatinged to protect the DMS systems from both resign employees and uptakers accessing over the Internet. Two security mechanisms needed to protect the DMS systems be virtual(prenominal) Private Net works and IP Security. According to Stalling (2009) Virtual Private Networks (VPN) makes lend oneself of encryption and special protocols to supply security for those employ the Internet or roughly other public network to interconnect sites. These public netw orks provide an access path for telecommuters and other mobile employees to log on to incarnate systems from remote sites. The articulate employees would feed to use the VPN to access the DMS by authenticating using their work credentials. IP Security (IPSec) provides the capability to secure communications crossways a LAN, across private and public WANs and across the Internet. Some examples of IPSec atomic number 18 (1) Secure branch office connectivity over the Internet A companionship can build a secure virtual private network over the Internet or over a public WAN. This pillow slip of business rely heavily on the Internet and reduce its need for private networks, saving costs and network trouble overhead.(2) Secure remote access over the Internet An end user whose system is outfit with IP security protocols can make a local look for to an Internet renovation provider (ISP) and gain secure access to a company network. This reduces the cost of toll charges for traveli ng employees and telecommuters (3) establishing extranetand intranet connectivity with partners IPSec can be used to secure communication with other organizations, ensuring authentication and confidentiality and providing a key commuting mechanism (4) enhancing electronic commerce security even though some Web and electronic commerce applications have built-in security protocols, the use of IPSec enhances that security. IPSec guarantees that all traffic designated by the network administrator is both encrypted and authenticated, adding an spare layer of security to whatever is provided at the application layer.Similarly, whether other industries kick down rise to spheres in which competition takes place in open, intellectual-property-free spaces depends on diverse factors including the existence in a space of companies with proprietary solutions and the presence of technologies so complex they are vulner sufficient to inadvertent patent infringement. (Alexy, O., & Reitzig, M. (2 012). 2. Critique the regeneration process performed by the DMS in the case study. Then, recommend two (2) alternatives to the IP root or applications not already mentioned in the case study. What is thither to critique? All DMS did was install some routers and configured them. Can person please help with this? Maturing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are able to integrate business systems with building management systems for improved management controls ( such(prenominal) as merged dashboard-type reporting).Driven by business requirements for resource efficiencies and management by measurement, this business intelligence adaptation has been essential for the business leading to steer, priorities and justify new investment. Allocating costs for usage, amortizing capital towards specific business causes and employing monetary wizardry to get best tax advantage these all cogitate that the new generation of ERP tools needs to be facilities-aware. They should come wi th tools to digest breathing in data so, whichever department had most use of video conferencing, or toner ink, or WAN bandwidth, or access to out-of-hours air conditioning its all in the mix now. So many systems integrated BMS (iBMS), facilities reservation systems, sustainment management systems, cashless vending and EPOS, CCTV and access control are able to aim the mountains of data they generate each day to other central management systems. Now IP networks are at the heart of enabling such data capture, collation and consolidation. (Manivannan, 2012)3. Critique the merits ofthe major services found on the DMS Website. According to the website, DMS is a shared service provider that supports state agencies and state employees through benignant Resource Support and Business Operations the Department of Management Services is responsible for managing the state personnel system, including Insurance Benefits, Florida seclusion System, Human Resource Management. DMS strives to provide the high-quality service our customers expect and deserve era decreasing the operating costs of state government so that more than resources can be focused where they are needed most. Insurance Benefits-The sectionalization of State Group Insurance (DSGI) offers and manages a comprehensive package of pre- and post-tax wellness and welfare damages benefits for active and retired state employees and their families, including a variety of health insurance options flexible spending and health savings accounts life insurance dental, vision and kind of insurance products.Florida privacy System=The Division of Retirement (Division) was established to administer the Florida Retirement System (FRS), which was created in December 1970 to consolidate existing state-administered retirement systems. Since its creation, the Divisions responsibilities have expanded to include administering monitoring overseeing ensuring compliance. Human Resource Management- Floridas state employees are our most valuable resource. They are the face of state government. The Division of Human Resource Management works with the agency personnel offices to develop human racekind resource policies, practices and strategies. As human resource professionals, it is our responsibility to ensure that the States HR policies and practices are designed to attract and support the employees who serve the people of Florida. People for the first time is the states self-service, secure, web-based personnel information system and enterprise-wide suite of human resource (HR) services.The system streamlines and automates many of the states HR functions and is comprised of the avocation modules payroll preparation, attendance and leave, recruitment, benefits administration, human resources management, organizational management. 4. Recommend an additional service to add to the DMS Website. With technology today, there is a increased of the use of movable IP-enabled devices and group content dis tribution applications on radio Mesh Networks (WMNs). This kick is facilitated by its relative low cost of installation and as such is an attractive option in environmentslacking existing communication infrastructure and/or in times of natural emergencies. DMS would greatly benefits from this because, their employees will be able to access the website for information quicker when they are away from their desk. The WMNs is equally capable of providing high bandwidth access to the web.The capability of the WMNs can be enhance by reinforcing the system with multicasting and mobility features. However, there are challenges of seamless integration when such existing multicasting and mobility features of MANET and fixed networks are migrated to the WMNs domain. Thus, a wide range of efforts have been directed at finding solutions to these challenges in order to increase the general deployment of the WMNs based communication infrastructure. By producing a one volume comprehensive accou nt of incorporating multicasting with mobility support deployable via Wireless Mesh Networks, this work at aiming at research directions in the area of integrated mobile multicasting on Wireless Mesh Networks. (Sanni, Hashim, Anwar & etc,2011).Summary or ConclusionFlorida DMS will benefit from the use of WMN added to their IP infrastructures. Every day technology is advancing with new ideas in dealing with communications between people. DMS will continue to succeed in the future.ReferencesStallings, W. (2009). CIS 505 Business Data Communications Custom edition (6th ed.). Upper lodge River, NJ Prentice Hall. Florida DMS http//www.dms.myflorida.comManivannan, M. M. (2012). Building around IP. Engineering & Technology (17509637), 7(2), 78-81. inside10.1049/et.2012.0211 Alexy, O., & Reitzig, M. (2012). Managing the business risks of open innovation. Mckinsey Quarterly, (1), 17-21. Sanni, M. L., Hashim, A. A., Anwar, F. F., Naji, A. W., & Ahmed, G. M. (2011). Mobile Multicast in Wirele ss Mesh Networks. Australian Journal Of Basic & Applied Sciences, 5(9), 957-966.

Epistemologies; Plato vs. Aristotle Essay

Plato, the father of philosophy, was a rationalist. He was the first systematic metaphysician and epistemologist. He believed that we had innate knowledge a priori. So to him learning was only a matter of remembering. Plato believed that the ideal humanity existed beyond our own physical earth because according to him realty could not be changing or imperfect. From his point of view what we see be only the particulars, the mimics of the real thing, therefore, we rent to pull back from the cosmea of peculiars and look in our own minds.Things like justice or moral virtues do not exist in this world in a kosher make water. In Crito & Meno we can understandably see these ideas. The essential argument in Crito is The Many vs. The One. Socrates says We shouldt care all that much just about(predicate) what the populace will say of us, still about what the expert on matters justice and injustice will say, the individual authority, or Truth. With this phrase he is saying that we sh ould never pay attention to the opinion of the many and al ways find the one who knows because that is the only person whose opinion is valuable.And afterward on he goes on to say that if it is never good to do injustice then it is also wrong to do injustice in response to injustice which is why he refuses to escape. In Meno we get much in depth into the idea of inborn knowledge. Meno starts with the question What is Virtue? nevertheless Meno always answers the question by giving examples of virtue instead of formation the word and going to the roots of what all those virtues have in common. deck in the world of particulars there are many kinds of virtues for example for the masculine its to run the state, female its to run the household but what is important, essential is the traits they both have in common temperance and justice. Socrates uses the dialectic method in order to get answers out of Meno and also clearly demonstrates this method on a slave of Meno to prove his t heory about innate knowledge.Even though it can always be used, victimisation the dialectical method is specifically significant when a person believes that we have innate knowledge, because if what we call learning is just remembering then didactics is just pulling out that knowledge, giving opportunities for that innate knowledge to funk forth. Aristotle on the other hand was an empiricist. He believed that we learned through our thoughts, by gathering knowledge from the world around us a posteriori.By reading On the somebody and Metaphysics we get a clear sense of Aristotles epistemology. Aristotle encourages embracing the particular in order to possibly pip a sense of the universal. According to Aristotle forms are the essence and when we combine form and matter we get human. The reading On the Soul discusses that the body and the soul is not one, that sight allows us to absorb the world in actually abstract ways and that memory is learning.In the reading Metaphysics Arist otle sets forth causes for the chronicle of change Substance (essence), Matter (or substratum), Source of change and the cause conflicting to this. Plato and Aristotle both believed in a universal purpose but the ways in which they got to these universal purposes were very different. Plato was an idealist, he despised the physical whereas Aristotle was a scientist, he loved facts and commonsense.Aristotle would argue that we gain knowledge after bugger off (a posteriori) but Plato would certainly disagree and say that we gain knowledge sooner experience (a priori). Plato believes that there is a world of ideas where ideas exist perfectly, the objects in our world are just mimics whereas Aristotle says that the ideas we perceive are inside the particular object. By saying that matter and form combined is what makes an individual Aristotle brings Platos Forms downwardly from the heavens to concrete reality.

B.Sc Chemistry, Zoology, Botany, English, Pak.Study, Islamiate.

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Strategic risks †thinking about them differently Essay

One of the to the highest degree important aspects to fructify into consideration when winning up a hear is find stake of exposure wariness. A run into essay of infection is an event / dispose, which is uncertain that, upon it occurrence brings either a arbitrary or a negative impact on the contrive. A constructive manager should consider this as one of the ten knowledge aras where competence is highly regarded. fortune focal point is critical, especi aloney to disposals operative in multi- be after environments and the matureness for guess is high (Loftus, 1999). A wide range of perils is appargonnt when plumping in come acrosss involving construction among other engineering work. These hazards are aroundly attributed to government activity policy, diversity in stakeholders aspirations and the challenges of adding multiple throws. For a good risk care process, there must be a clear statement and discernment of authoritys and responsibilities, proper skills on technical analysis and the prevailing organizational factors should reassert the project. vagabond risk focal point involves identifying, assessing and prioritizing of risks and thereafter putting resources to use in order to reduce, monitor and control those risks that could affect the project negatively and affix receivedizing of opportunities (Jaafari, 2001). This report seeks to outline the knowledge acquired on concern of risk in projects among other basic knowledge gathered on precaution of projects. interchange All organizations equal for their own different characters, and that of unexclusive engineering organizations in the construction craft, the purpose is to deliver a service, which brings a beneficial go forth in the populace/ stakeholders interest (Harrison, 2004). Decisions to pump resources into sitments on outstanding cornerstone are prompted by involves that are meant to enhance the achievement of the major(ip) purpose. fit in to Flan agan and Norman (1993), the benefits of efficient risk focusing are patent especially in projects involving seat of government infrastructure because they are dynamic in nature and bring positive cost implications from the construction related decisions. Risk management should be taken as an intrinsic part of capital infrastructure investment decisions mainly because, as project, ventures get more elaborate, the role of risk management is exemplified (Kutsch & Hall, 2010). Regarding this realization, some countries feel enacted government policies on constructors accenting on the need to incorporate risk management in capital infrastructure schemes (Uher & Loosemore, 2004). Risk is therefore, in m whatsoever occasions, viewed as a condition or event whose occurrence will study adverse do on the project and may hinder the attainment of execute accusatorys. Hence, risk management relates decisions to such probable harmful effects (Chapman et al, 2012).This philosophical burn up to risk management enables the process to be broken down into 4 fundamental sub-processes (Culp, 2001). These involve identification, analysis, solvent and monitoring. The leaper step of identification is the most critical step because it has the biggest effect on decisions emanating from the process of risk management. Reviewing risk management, in his article, Williams (1995), notes that there is little structured work in progeny about typical risks. According to Chapman (1998), as much as risk identification is critical on the risk assessment and response phases, very little empirical evidence is available at this early phase. The heavier problem in risk management remains in the analysis and response to the risk, yet the reasoning stands that unless the risks are place, they buttocksnot be analyzed and responded to.For most engineers, the need to have a lay out program is critical for it provides an umbrella under which all current projects fall so that an outcome c an be delivered massively in widely distributed, and greater than the total sum of all others. A program is usually temporary, and flexible created to direct and oversee the performance of a set of related projects and activities for the deliverance of beneficial outcomes that relate to the organizations strategic objects. Several projects are undertaken under this umbrella. This explicitly differentiates amid program management outcomes and project management getups. However, there is a bind mingled with projects and strategy through the program. Risk management is becoming an progressively important process overdue to external pressures in existence. However, good risk management is seen as a critical attribute of organizational advantage in the field of engineering. The assumption that programs are merely extensions of projects should cease to exist because many will tend to reflect program risk management to project risk management (Allan, 2008). Program management is a bulky extension of the varied, yet related, projects.On projects, it is important to define one or more objective put to works identical capital expenditure and completion magazine to represent it to measure the probability of achieving the set targets. Risk management and then goes on to model the projects objectives against the projects variables like costs and the touchstone of inputs. These variables are usually uncertain as condemnation goes on, wherefore the suspicion of a hundred percent achievement of the objectives set. The most ideal incident would be identifying and characterizing the variables in advance providing that they will remain unchanged by time. This would make it easy to estimate the possible risks and the consequent variance of the projects objective(s). However, not all project variables can be identified as new variables might surface as the project goes on while the probability of occurrence of the sign variables may vary (Kerzner & Saladis, 200 9). The impacts of the initial variables, both positive and negative, may change too hence qualification risk management even more hard (Drummond, 1999).Certainty and suspicion of realizing a projects objectives are measurable, only ideally. The possibility of a project not breaking even could be considered as a representative of the whole project and then use in manoeuvre to evaluate against the variable and try to reduce the risks entangled. This becomes a derriere for decision-making. slightly projects may proceed normally in a stable environment, hence making the uncertainty high at the time it is conceptualized. Pro-active think and making prudent decisions will see the uncertainty reduce (Royer, 2001). However, uncertainty in complex projects within a changing environment will not necessarily reduce/ diminish as time goes by Chapman (1998). It is requirement to keep on checking on the projects variables and re-evaluating of the objective functions status to assist ad beneficialments in the projects strategies. dubiousness surrounds many parts of a project hence early contract of variables may not be possible always. Variables change over time leading to exposure to new threats and risks along the way. This fact should not be refuted and a lot of work is required in the planning evaluating phases, where most of the critical work is through. In spite of all the uncertainty and complexity surrounding risk management and project management, it is important to seek methods of amend the projects base value (Drummond, 1999).Conceptualization, planning, and implementation of a project are complex process that requires management based on set strategic objectives, which vary from time to time. The objectives should be integrative and holistic in the sense that it caters for social, political, environmental, and community aspects (Sears et al, 2010). Traditionally, planning in project management should form the basis of planning, alongside other funct ions of project management including human resource, time, scope, integration, persona and procurement. These should be the fundamental factors f consideration along each phase. A variety of subscribe tobooks, protocols and codes of practice in the engineering field have been make available for use in risk management in project management. In the unify Kingdom, the Orange book is a framework that is set to offer guidance on basic risk management concepts and as a resource for developing risk management processes and implementing them I the public sector (Aritua et al 2011). It is also aimed at using a risk based decision-making on investment. There have been many more publications and publications aimed at dictating hoe risk management should look like. These guidelines have offered a basis upon which projects are appraised and their investment viability tested. This has enhanced the process and shifted its reception and perception from project risk management to a risk manageme nt strategic direct (Melton, 2011).In engineering and construction professions, program management and project management came to existence due to the changing procurement environment (Cox et al 2006). In the United Kingdom, procurement of infrastructural assets was through with(p) in a sequential manner, which involved a clear differentiation in the project manner motorcycle phases. Currently there are three major procurement systems. These systems are prime contracting, Design and Build procurement and Private Finance scuttle (Aritua et al 2011). These methods were because of the need to adopt integrative and collaborative project saving methods. The procurement systems have features like framework agreements, the use of specifications that are end product based, and more importantly, emphasis on the lifelong value of the structures (Shehu and Akintoye, 2009). The office of political sympathies Commerce has facilitated the change in construction procurement in the public s ector too. The agencys main agenda is to ensure that policies are followed and enhancing promotion of the best performance practices. These systems ensure that the project undertaken is of high feel and regard set policies and guidelines. These sanctions in the public works and construction sector have acted as strategic risk management tools for they ensure fibre assurance as well as proper quality management. bear management should incorporate the use of a strategy-based management approach. This will facilitate the integration of planning, risk management and decision-making hence ensuring real time real time realization of an optimum of the projects strategic objective against its variables (Schmidt, 2009). The projects promoters are not always the investors. Investors are not always actively involved in the management of the project, but invest resources into the project hoping to get dividends. The promoters objective, on the other hand, is to deliver a deftness that will e nsure a long term balanced and financially viable business entity. The project is therefore a compromise between the attainment of investors interests and that of the community (Pinto & Morris, 2010). forge development should be based on a set of strategic objectives, which stamp the project as a business and entwining project decisions to strategic business decisions (Wearne, 1989). Amid all risks, the project should be planned proactively regarding its variables and with a focus on the life cycle objective functions (Westland, 2007). All life cycle functions should be observed. These are financial functions, client satisfaction, and policy observance/ adherence to statutory concerns. Statutory concerns could be like those regarding projects adjacent to ecological systems or highly populated areas (Jha, 2011). Proactive planning of the project ensures real time minimization of risk. Effective risk management ensures that there is typical conceptualization of projects and their sub sequent implementation using strategic objectives. It also ensures any further variables are assessed and managed accordingly to optimize the projects strategic outcome, that which of a business entity (Heagney, 2011). Since projects are subjected to changes in objectives and variables due to external factors, it is important to incorporate a continuous risk management process that involves continuous risk and uncertainty management process take overed in real time to bring value to the project manager. Strategies do from risk analysis are a basis upon which decision-making is based going forward. Objectives of the life cycle are the vessel for analysis.Ethical practices are important factors to put into consideration when taking up/ procuring a project (Ralf et al, 2014). There exists codes of conduct and these codes may vary depending on the government regulations from one country to another. These codes guide management of projects, operations and supervision of work, and the t echnical aspect of the project, which is building. Since the work done is of great importance, the designed code of conduct and ethical measures should be used as they set standards for the output as well as achieving business objectives with the community in regard (Haukur et al, 2011). Reflective assessmentGroup activities that include vast research and group projects were vital in broadening my taste of the project management surmise, which of great importance to establishing and undertaking successful projects. According to Turner (1993), scope management is what the project management theory regards. context management involves three fundamental issues ensuring that an adequate amount of work has been done, avoiding doing any unnecessary work and ensuring that the work done fulfills the intended business purpose as stated. The recognition of the sequential state in which activities are undertaken helped us as a group in determining what had to be done at a particular time an d by what particular persons as well as accounting for what had been spent on completed work in anticipation of costs that would be accrued in the abutting steps. I came to understand project management by likening it to employment operations management. The crystallization of project management theory to operations management theories made it easy for us to recognize the resounding reliance on the transformational theory, which is production oriented. This is because project management involves injecting inputs on which transformational processes occur to bring the result, which is the output (Nell, 1998). Goals are set on the output, upon which a basis for control is dictated control systems are put in place to ensure activities set with achieving intended goals and putting improvement measures in place. This deep understanding of the theory has been enhanced mainly by the critical analysis and discourse that we have engaged ourselves with in the group to widen knowledge on th e process. applicable knowledge on management theories on planning, execution and control has expand from these activities as well as project theories pertaining flow of production (which projects have been likened with) (Sulliman, 2014). These productions method include incorporating techniques such as lean production and just in time (JIT) (Gilbereath, 1922). Ethical practices in governance for contemporary organizations are also a major factor for consideration (Ralf et al, 2014). Conclusively, exploration on the area of project management has instilled in me management skills, which are very critical in handling projects and managing every aspect in them including risk.ReferencesAllan, N., Davis, J., 2006. strategical risks thinking about them differently.Proceedings of ICE 159Aritua B., Nigel J. Smith, Denis Bower (2011) world(prenominal) daybook of formulate counselling. United Kingdom University of LeedsChapman, C. B., Ward, S., & Chapman, C. B. (2012). How to manage p roject opportunity and risk why uncertainty management can be a much bettor approach than risk management the updated and re-titled 3rd ed of Project risk management, processes, insights and technoiques. Chichester, West Sussex Wiley.Cox, A., Ireland, P., & Townsend, M. (2006). Managing in construction supply chains and markets Reactive and proactive options for improving performance and relationship management. London Thomas Telford.Culp, C. L. (2001). The Risk counselling Process Business Strategy and Tactics. New York tail Wiley & Sons.Drummond H 1999. atomic number 18 we any closer to the end Escalation and the case of Taurus? International Journal of Project ManagementFlanagan, R., & Norman, G. (1996). Risk management and construction. Oxford u.a., Blackwell Science.Gilbreath, R. D. (1992). Managing construction contracts Operational controls for moneymaking(prenominal) risks. New York Wiley.Harrison, F. L., & Lock, D. (2004). Advanced project management A structured appr oach. Aldershot, England Gower.Haukur, I. J., & Ingason, H. T. (2013). Project ethics. Farnham, Surrey Gower.Heagney, J. (2011). Fundamentals of Project Management. New York AMACOM.Jaafari A. (2001) International Journal of Project Management. Sydney University of SydneyJha, K. N. (2011). facial expression project management Theory and practice. New Delhi Dorling Kindersley.Kerzner, H., & Saladis, F. P. (2009). Project management workbook and PMP/CAPM examination study guide. Hoboken, N.J Wiley.Kutsh E. &Hall M. (2010) International Journal Paper of Project Management. United KingdomLoftus, J. (1999). Project management of multiple projects and contracts. London Thomas Telford.Means, J. A., & Adams, T. (2005). Facilitating the Project Lifecycle the Skills & Tools to Accelerate Progress for Project Managers, Facilitators, and Six Sigma Project Teams. Hoboken, John Wiley & Sons. http//www.123library.org/book_details/?id=9130.Melton, T. (2008). trustworthy project planning developin g a project delivery strategy. Amsterdam, Butterworth-Heinemann.Nell, E. J. (1998). The general theory of transformational growth Keynes after Sraffa. New York Cambridge University Press.Pinto, J. K., & Morris, P. (2013). The wiley guide to project, program, and portfolio management. Hoboken, N.J Wiley.Ralf M., Rodney T., Erling S.A, Jingting S., Oyvind K. (2014). Ethics, Trust, and Governance in Contemporary Organizations. Norway Project Management InstituteRoyer, P. S. (2001). Project risk management A proactive approach. Vienna, Virg Management Concepts.Schmidt, T. (2009). Strategic project management made simple Practical tools for leaders and teams. Hoboken, N.J John Wiley & Sons.Sears, S. K., Sears, G. A., & Clough, R. H. (2010). Construction Project Management A Practical Guide to Field Construction Management. New York John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Shehu, Z., Akintove, A., 2010. Major challenges to the successful implementationand practice of programme management in the constructio nenvironment a critical analysis. International Journal of Project ManagementSuliman Saleh Al Fredi (2014) International Journal of Science and Technology. Saudi Arabia Al Qassim UniversityUher, T. E., & Loosemore, M. (2004). Essentials of construction project management. Sydney UNSW Press.Westland, J. (2007). The project management life cycle a complete step-by-step methodological analysis for initiating, planning, executing & closing a project successfully.Williams, T., 1995. A classified bibliography of new-made research relating to project risk management. European Journal of Operational exploreZhang Lianying et al (2012) Procedia Engineering. China Tianjin UniversitySource document

Accountability and Responsibility

These two words are oft used interchangeably, however, they are NOT interchangeable. Let me explain Responsibility shtup be, and often is, share. Many people are obligated to you in your NWM line of business Your browse, the rest of your upline, the people in your organization as it begins to develop, and, of course, your company, just to depict a few. Your patron was responsible for bringing you into the business, nevertheless it doesnt stop there. In fact, the dictionary definition of sponsor is One who assumes responsibility for some other(a) psyche or thing.Your sponsor is also responsible for serving to make sure you are properly trained, and that you receive all the needful coaching, mentoring, and support as you begin your growing Usana business. Similarly, the rest of your upline is responsible to you and your sponsor in much the same way. And you, in turn, are responsible to everyone you sponsor into your business. Every person in your organization (which some people hang to as your downline) is responsible for conducting themselves professionally in introducing the products and business to others.Our company is responsible to all of us to provide quality products, effective business-building tools, and a vigorous marketing plan to help each of us reach whatever goals we desire. Accountability, on the other hand, CANNOT be shared. We often hear the term shared responsibility, but there is no such thing as shared accountability. Some would call that term an oxymoron. One could delimitate accountability as the ultimate responsibility. Perhaps it would help to sound off of one of the quotes that former President Harry S.Truman was famous for, and that is, The Buck pelf Here. That is probably the clearest and most well-known statements of accountability ever made, and it leaves no doubt in ones mind as to where the ultimate responsibility lies. Which brings me to the of import point of my comments, which is that, while many people are responsible for your someone success in your NWM business, only one person is accountable for your success, and that person is YOU Thats right, the Buck stops with you.Everyone of us deals with numerous obstacles in our business unbelieving prospects, competitive companies, non-committed people in our organizations, and simply just not having complete hours in the day to be able to do everything we want to. by chance you suffer a sponsor who doesnt return your phone calls. Maybe you cognise in a small town like Powell, Wyoming where theres hardly anyone to lambast to ab turn out NWM. Maybe your family members think youre involved in some fictional character of pyramid scheme.Maybe you have friends who were in network marketing, but gave up and claim that network marketing doesnt work. Maybe you dont have that label new personal computer that you know testament do everything for you. Or, by chance youve had some products or promotional material back ordered by Usana. I co uld go on for a long time list dozens of more obstacles, and, like many of you, Ive heard of, or experienced, close to all of them at one time or another. BUT, if you, even for a moment, blame even ONE of these, or other, obstacles for your lack of success, then youve habituated up your accountability.In fact, were Harry S. Truman here today, hed say that youre passing the horse cavalry. Accountability & Responsibility Losing military property is a crime and it is unaccepted behavior that will not be tolerated. Your misconduct and neglect could have resulted in needless expense and has jeopardized the effectiveness of our organization to successfully finish the missions at hand. You will receive corrective training for your misconduct but any future violation will result in UCMJ action. oblige 108 is a punitive article and can result in a Bad-conduct discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 1 year for personnel casualty of property through neglect. As a leader, you are responsible for what your subordinates do and fail to do. Responsibility and accountability are two of the main factors in being a successful soldier in todays Army. Responsibility is the indebtedness for the proper custody, care, and safekeeping of property or funds entrusted to your possession or supervision.Responsibility increases when you have personal control over your mission doing and when you have a single, clear set of rules that employ to a proper(postnominal) event. Your sense of responsibility becomes more effective and efficient when you perform out of desire to do well instead of just following orders. On the other hand, when guidelines are unclear when more than one set of rules seems to apply to an event, responsibility is decreased. This type of conduct continues, actions may be initiated under the reproducible Code of Military Justice to separate you from the Army prior to your plan ETS Date IAW AR 635-200.If you are involuntarily separa ted, you could receive an proficient Discharge, a General (Under Honorable Conditions) Discharge, or a Under Other Than Honorable Conditions Discharge. If you receive a discharge Under Other Than Honorable Conditions, you will be ineligible for reenlistment and for most benefits, including payments of accrued leave, transitional benefits, the Montgomery GI Bill, VA benefits, and you may also face difficulty in